【摘要】：本文根據(jù)硫在酸性氣體中的溶解度隨溫度壓力而變化的規(guī)律,建立了精準(zhǔn)的硫沉積預(yù)測(cè)模型,對(duì)集輸管道中硫單質(zhì)的沉積位置與沉積量進(jìn)行了計(jì)算,并確定了管道經(jīng)濟(jì)清管周期,為集輸管線硫沉積的防治奠定了基礎(chǔ)。本文主要完成了以下工作:(1)通過(guò)對(duì)含硫酸性氣體的物理性質(zhì)的研究,對(duì)其物性參數(shù)計(jì)算方法的優(yōu)選,得出結(jié)論:最適合含硫天然氣偏差系數(shù)的計(jì)算方法是DPR(W-A校正)方法。Dempsey法結(jié)合Stanging校正是計(jì)算含硫氣體粘度時(shí)的首要方法。計(jì)算含硫天然氣的物性參數(shù)的主要影響因素有H_2S、溫度、壓力。其中H2S的含量對(duì)偏差系數(shù)和粘度的影響較大,在低壓的情況下氣體粘度是隨著H_2S含量的增大而減小的,在高壓情況下氣體粘度是隨著H_2S含量的增大而增大的。(2)根據(jù)能量守恒定律以及動(dòng)量原理推導(dǎo)建立了輸氣管道壓力溫度分布模型,經(jīng)過(guò)計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)際的結(jié)果相比較,本文建立的計(jì)算模型可以較好的預(yù)測(cè)管道內(nèi)溫度壓力的分布狀況,誤差較小。(3)通過(guò)比較實(shí)驗(yàn)法、經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式法、計(jì)算法這三種方法對(duì)于預(yù)測(cè)硫在酸性氣體中的溶解度模型的優(yōu)劣性,分析得出了計(jì)算法是最適合用來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)硫的溶解度模型。通過(guò)當(dāng)硫組分達(dá)到熱力學(xué)平衡時(shí)固相和氣相的逸度相等這一結(jié)論推導(dǎo)出了固體硫在酸性氣體中溶解度的表達(dá)式。(4)根據(jù)工程氣固兩相流動(dòng)相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ)和固體顆粒的受力分析,得到了硫沉積的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,由此計(jì)算出了硫沉積的臨界速度,如果氣流速度大于臨界速度,則析出的硫不會(huì)在管線中沉積下來(lái),如果氣流速度小于臨界速度,析出的硫會(huì)在管線中沉積下來(lái)。(5)總結(jié)了影響清管周期的因素,即最小允許輸送效率、最大允許積液量、和最大允許壓降,并對(duì)此作了詳細(xì)說(shuō)明。對(duì)于清管流程的判定、清管周期的確定則依據(jù)石油天然氣行業(yè)的有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范的規(guī)定,從輸氣效率方面進(jìn)行了確定,最后計(jì)算了有硫沉積量影響下的經(jīng)濟(jì)清管周期。
[Abstract]:according to the law of the change of the solubility of the sulfur in the acid gas with the temperature pressure, a precise sulfur deposition prediction model is established, the deposition position and the deposition amount of the sulfur simple substance in the gathering and transportation pipeline are calculated, and the pipeline economic pigging period is determined, And lays a foundation for preventing and treating the sulfur deposition of the gathering and transportation pipeline. The following work is mainly done in this paper: (1) By studying the physical property of the sulfuric acid-containing gas, it is concluded that the method for calculating the deviation coefficient of the sulfur-containing gas is the DPR (W-A correction) method. The Dempsey method combined with the Stanging correction is the primary method for calculating the viscosity of a sulfur-containing gas. The main influencing factors of the physical parameters of sulfur-containing natural gas are H _ 2S, temperature and pressure. In which the content of h2s is greatly influenced by the deviation coefficient and the viscosity, and the gas viscosity is reduced with the increase of the content of the h _ 2S under the condition of low pressure, and the gas viscosity is increased with the increase of the content of the H _ 2S under the high pressure condition. (2) According to the energy conservation law and the momentum principle, the pressure temperature distribution model of the gas pipeline is established, and the calculated results are compared with the actual results. The calculation model established in this paper can predict the distribution of the temperature pressure in the pipeline well, and the error is small. (3) The solubility model of the sulfur in the acid gas is predicted by comparing the experimental method, the empirical formula method and the calculation method. The results show that the calculation method is the most suitable for predicting the solubility of the sulfur. The expression of the solubility of the solid sulfur in the acid gas is derived by the conclusion that the solid phase and the gas phase are equal when the sulfur component reaches the thermodynamic equilibrium. (4) according to the theoretical basis of the gas-solid two-phase flow of the engineering and the stress analysis of the solid particles, the kinetic model of the sulfur deposition is obtained, the critical speed of the sulfur deposition is calculated, and if the gas flow speed is higher than the critical speed, the precipitated sulfur is not deposited in the pipeline, If the velocity of the gas flow is less than the critical speed, the precipitated sulfur is deposited in the line. (5) The factors that affect the pigging cycle are summarized, that is, the minimum allowable delivery efficiency, the maximum allowable effusion, and the maximum allowable pressure drop. For the determination of the pigging process, the determination of the pigging period is determined from the gas transmission efficiency according to the relevant standard specifications of the petroleum and natural gas industry, and the economic pigging period under the influence of the sulfur deposition amount is finally calculated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE866

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