【摘要】：隨著科技的進步、人類社會的發(fā)展,人們對于能源的消耗量逐步增加。然而陸上資源日漸枯竭,人類對油氣開發(fā)逐步向深海邁進,設(shè)計生產(chǎn)過程中所面臨的水動力問題也更加復(fù)雜。我國在南海有豐富的海上油氣儲藏,但目前我國對南海深海海域油氣開發(fā)尚未成規(guī)模且缺乏自主的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。Spar平臺是一種在經(jīng)濟和結(jié)構(gòu)上均適宜適應(yīng)南海深海開發(fā)的浮式平臺,對Spar平臺的研究已經(jīng)成為熱點問題。本文采用一座在墨西哥灣服役的Truss Spar平臺為數(shù)值模型,海洋環(huán)境參數(shù)選用南海海況,采用數(shù)值模擬與理論分析相結(jié)合的方式,對平臺頻域、時域耦合響應(yīng),以及改變垂蕩板結(jié)構(gòu)后運動特性進行分析研究。首先對Spar平臺的發(fā)展歷程、總體性能、結(jié)構(gòu)特點以及研究現(xiàn)狀做了概述,重點介紹了國內(nèi)外對Truss Spar平臺各方面性能的研究。利用ANSYS軟件建立結(jié)構(gòu)有限元模型,導(dǎo)入水動力分析軟件AQWA中進行濕表面建模。在AQWA-LINE模塊中定義其重心位置和轉(zhuǎn)動慣量,基于三維勢流理論和Morison方程計算出不同頻率波浪下結(jié)構(gòu)的附加質(zhì)量、輻射阻尼、波浪激勵力和運動響應(yīng)幅值算子(RAO)等水動力參數(shù)。通過分析可知本平臺的頻域運動性能良好,為下一步時域分析奠定基礎(chǔ)。分別在作業(yè)工況和生存工況下,模擬了平臺的時域運動特性,以及生存工況中結(jié)構(gòu)在單根纜破斷條件下的系纜張力,結(jié)果表明平臺運動響應(yīng)及系纜張力均在安全范圍內(nèi),結(jié)構(gòu)安全穩(wěn)定。最后,探索了垂蕩板結(jié)構(gòu)的改變對平臺運動的影響規(guī)律。首先選用開孔垂蕩板平臺與實心板平臺進行水動力特性對比,結(jié)果顯示垂蕩板開孔可降低平臺垂蕩響應(yīng)。然后選擇6種不同開孔面積比率的平臺做了頻域和時域水動力對比,總結(jié)了水動力參數(shù)隨開孔面積比率的變化規(guī)律,得出最佳開孔面積比率在5%左右。在此基礎(chǔ)上,進一步考慮了開孔間距與數(shù)量對平臺運動特性的影響,規(guī)律表明平臺運動響應(yīng)總體變化趨勢不大。為簡化建造工藝,可以考慮用1個孔替代多孔,為今后Truss Spar平臺的設(shè)計提供了一定參考。
[Abstract]:With the progress of science and technology and the development of human society, people's consumption of energy is gradually increasing. However, with the depletion of onshore resources, human oil and gas development is gradually moving to the deep sea, and the hydrodynamic problems in the process of design and production are also more complex. China is rich in offshore oil and gas reserves in the South China Sea. However, at present, China has not yet reached a scale and lacks independent key technologies for oil and gas development in the deep-sea areas of the South China Sea. Spar platform is a floating platform suitable for deep-sea development in the South China Sea economically and structurally. The research on Spar platform has become a hot issue. In this paper, a Truss Spar platform serving in the Gulf of Mexico is used as a numerical model, the marine environment parameters are selected from the South China Sea, and the coupling responses to the platform in frequency domain and time domain are combined by numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. The motion characteristics of the vertical plate structure are analyzed and studied after changing the structure of the vertical plate. Firstly, the development process, overall performance, structural characteristics and research status of Spar platform are summarized, with emphasis on the research on the performance of Truss Spar platform at home and abroad. The finite element model of the structure is established by ANSYS software, and the wet surface modeling is carried out by introducing the hydrodynamic analysis software AQWA. The position of the center of gravity and the moment of inertia are defined in the AQWA-LINE module. Based on the three-dimensional potential flow theory and Morison equation, the additional mass and radiation damping of the structure under different frequencies are calculated. Hydrodynamic parameters such as wave excitation force and motion response amplitude operator (RAO). Through the analysis, it can be seen that the frequency domain motion performance of the platform is good, which lays a foundation for the next time domain analysis. The time domain motion characteristics of the platform and the cable tension of the structure under the condition of single cable breaking are simulated under the working condition and the living condition, respectively. the results show that the motion response of the platform and the tension of the cable are in the safe range. The structure is safe and stable. Finally, the influence of the change of vertical plate structure on the platform motion is explored. Firstly, the hydrodynamic characteristics of the open plate platform and the solid plate platform are compared. The results show that the swing response of the platform can be reduced by the opening of the vertical plate. Then six different platforms with different hole area ratio are selected to make hydrodynamic comparison in frequency domain and time domain, and the variation law of hydrodynamic parameters with hole area ratio is summarized, and the optimum opening area ratio is about 5%. On this basis, the influence of hole spacing and number on the motion characteristics of the platform is further considered, and the law shows that the overall change trend of the motion response of the platform is not small. In order to simplify the construction process, one hole can be considered instead of porous, which provides a reference for the design of Truss Spar platform in the future.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE95

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