【摘要】：當(dāng)前,隨著鉆井深度的不斷增加,鉆遇地層日益復(fù)雜。深部底層巖石硬度大,機(jī)械鉆速很低,極大地影響了鉆井周期,硬地層鉆井速度有待提高;另外,以剪切破巖為機(jī)理的PDC鉆頭普遍存在粘滑問(wèn)題,導(dǎo)致鉆井效率降低,甚至降低鉆頭壽命,因此,提高PDC鉆頭的破巖效率是當(dāng)前鉆井界的重要課題。本文以研究PDC鉆頭的粘滑振動(dòng)現(xiàn)象為基礎(chǔ),通過(guò)分析粘滑振動(dòng)現(xiàn)象對(duì)機(jī)械鉆速的影響為思路,研究了扭力沖擊器的工作原理。論文研究的內(nèi)容包括:PDC鉆頭的粘滑振動(dòng)機(jī)理,扭力沖擊器的破巖機(jī)理及其在元壩地區(qū)、玉北6A、鴨深1井、新墾8-H井以及伏19井的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)例分析。系統(tǒng)地分析了深部硬地層條件下,扭力沖擊器形成的沖擊載荷對(duì)鉆速的影響。理論及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)例分析結(jié)果表明:扭力沖擊器通過(guò)將鉆井液的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為低幅、高頻脈沖扭矩,不僅可以顯著提高鉆井速度,而且可以有效減少或消除硬地層鉆井過(guò)程中鉆頭的有害振動(dòng),保護(hù)鉆頭,延長(zhǎng)鉆頭壽命。扭力沖擊鉆井是新興的高速破巖技術(shù),本論文研究工作對(duì)粘滑振動(dòng)機(jī)理的普及和扭轉(zhuǎn)沖擊鉆井技術(shù)的發(fā)展具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:At present, with the continuous increase of drilling depth, drilling formation is becoming more and more complex. The hardness of deep bottom rock is large and the drilling speed is very low, which greatly affects the drilling cycle, and the drilling speed of hard formation needs to be improved. In addition, there is a common stick-slip problem in PDC bit based on shear rock breaking mechanism, which leads to the decrease of drilling efficiency and even the decrease of bit life. Therefore, improving the rock breaking efficiency of PDC bit is an important topic in the drilling field at present. Based on the study of stick-slip vibration of PDC bit, the working principle of torque impactor is studied by analyzing the influence of stick-slip vibration on drilling speed. The research contents of this paper include the stick-slip vibration mechanism of PDC bit, the rock breaking mechanism of torsional impactor and its field examples in Yuanba area, Yubei 6A, Yushen 1 well, Xinken 8-H well and Fu 19 well. The influence of impact load formed by torsional impactor on drilling speed under the condition of deep hard formation is analyzed systematically. The results of theoretical and field analysis show that the torque impactor can not only significantly improve the drilling speed by converting the energy of drilling fluid into low amplitude and high frequency pulse torque. Moreover, it can effectively reduce or eliminate the harmful vibration of the bit in the process of hard formation drilling, protect the bit and prolong the life of the bit. Torsional impact drilling is a new high speed rock breaking technology. The research work in this paper is of great practical significance to the popularization of stick-slip vibration mechanism and the development of torsional impact drilling technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE92
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本文編號(hào)：2475446