【摘要】：頁巖氣等非常規(guī)能源目前已成為全球油氣資源開發(fā)的焦點,近年來,頁巖氣開發(fā)進入了高速發(fā)展階段。然現(xiàn)階段國內(nèi)外對于頁巖氣藏滲流機理及頁巖氣井產(chǎn)量預(yù)測的研究尚存在不足,較難準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測頁巖氣井產(chǎn)量遞減規(guī)律。 本文在大量調(diào)研國內(nèi)外文獻的基礎(chǔ)之上,提出了更適用于頁巖氣多段壓裂水平井的產(chǎn)量遞減分析方法,研制了頁巖氣多段壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能預(yù)測及生產(chǎn)動態(tài)分析軟件,為頁巖氣的開發(fā)提供了理論依據(jù)。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容如下： (1)基于文獻調(diào)研的成果,分析頁巖氣微觀孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)及儲集、滲流特征,了解其產(chǎn)出及運移機理。 (2)考慮頁巖基質(zhì)中同時存在滲流、擴散以及吸附氣解吸,建立無限大頁巖儲層的基本滲流模型,在擬穩(wěn)態(tài)及非穩(wěn)態(tài)條件下分別推導(dǎo)頁巖氣藏系統(tǒng)綜合滲流微分方程。 (3)基于對頁巖氣賦存、流動機理及微地震監(jiān)測的分析和認識,將頁巖氣藏多段壓裂水平井簡化為五線性流滲流物理模型。利用滲流力學(xué)方法,建立考慮頁巖氣吸附／解吸和非穩(wěn)態(tài)擴散效應(yīng)的壓裂水平井雙重介質(zhì)五線性流數(shù)學(xué)模型,運用拉普拉斯變換對數(shù)學(xué)模型進行求解并繪制無因次產(chǎn)量變化曲線,分析各敏感性參數(shù)對產(chǎn)量變化的影響。 (4)通過對產(chǎn)量變化曲線特征的分析,獲得模型在雙線性流和線性流階段的實空間漸進解,并建立了線性流與雙線性流階段對生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)的分析方法。 (5)基于理論研究成果,利用VS2008研制頁巖氣多段壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能預(yù)測及生產(chǎn)動態(tài)分析軟件。針對氣井的產(chǎn)量預(yù)測,將所研制的軟件與商業(yè)軟件進行對比以驗證模型的可靠性。利用所研制的軟件,對頁巖氣生產(chǎn)過程的控制因素進行研究,并對實際的多段壓裂水平井生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,獲取水平井壓裂及頁巖儲層相關(guān)參數(shù)。結(jié)果表明本所建立的五線性流模型及所研制的軟件能夠適用于頁巖氣多段壓裂水平井的產(chǎn)能預(yù)測及生態(tài)動態(tài)分析。
[Abstract]:Shale gas and other unconventional energy sources have become the focus of global oil and gas resources development. In recent years, shale gas development has entered a high-speed development stage. However, at present, the study on the mechanism of shale gas reservoir seepage and the prediction of shale gas well production is still insufficient, so it is difficult to accurately predict the law of shale gas well production decline. On the basis of a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, this paper puts forward a production decline analysis method which is more suitable for horizontal wells of shale gas multi-section fracturing, and develops the software of productivity prediction and production performance analysis for horizontal wells of shale gas multi-section fracturing. It provides a theoretical basis for the development of shale gas. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) based on the results of literature investigation, the micro-pore structure, reservoir and seepage characteristics of shale gas are analyzed, and the occurrence and migration mechanism of shale gas are understood. (2) considering the simultaneous existence of seepage, diffusion and adsorption gas desorption in shale matrix, the basic percolation model of infinite shale reservoir is established, and the differential equations of comprehensive seepage flow in shale gas reservoir system are derived under the conditions of pseudo-steady state and unsteady state respectively. (3) based on the analysis and understanding of shale gas occurrence, flow mechanism and micro-seismic monitoring, the multi-stage fracturing horizontal well in shale gas reservoir is simplified to a five-linear flow physical model. By means of seepage mechanics, a mathematical model of dual medium five linear flow in fractured horizontal wells considering the adsorption / desorption and unsteady diffusion effects of shale gas is established. Laplace transform was used to solve the mathematical model and draw the dimensionless curve of yield change, and analyze the influence of the sensitivity parameters on the yield change. (4) by analyzing the characteristics of production curve, the real-space progressive solutions of the model in bilinear and linear flow stages are obtained, and the analytical methods of production data in linear flow and bilinear flow stages are established. (5) based on the theoretical research results, the software of productivity prediction and production performance analysis of shale gas multi-section fracturing horizontal well is developed by using VS2008. In order to verify the reliability of the model, the developed software is compared with commercial software in order to predict the production of gas well. By using the developed software, the controlling factors of shale gas production process are studied, and the actual production data of multi-stage fracturing horizontal wells are analyzed, and the relevant parameters of horizontal well fracturing and shale reservoir are obtained. The results show that the five-linear flow model and the developed software can be used for productivity prediction and ecological dynamic analysis of shale gas multi-section fracturing horizontal wells.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE328

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