【摘要】：目前,在我國油田特別是疏松砂巖油田的開發(fā)過程中,油氣井的出砂已經(jīng)成為困擾開發(fā)的主要因素之一,防砂問題一直是油田開發(fā)的一個難題,嚴(yán)重阻礙的油氣田的開發(fā)發(fā)展,防砂成為了油田開發(fā)的關(guān)鍵之一。高速水充填防砂能夠有效的降低施工難度,達(dá)到較好的產(chǎn)能效果,同時不壓開底水,適用于海上油田和離底水、氣頂近的油層,但是目前針對于高速水充填的理解主要在于現(xiàn)場工藝方面,缺乏科學(xué)的理論指導(dǎo)知識。本文主要研究分析了高速水充填防砂工藝的基本原理及特點(diǎn)。在國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀調(diào)研基礎(chǔ)上,研究分析了高速水充填防砂的適應(yīng)條件及選井原則,形成了高速水充填防砂的具體選井條件;根據(jù)巖石力學(xué)知識,給出不同地質(zhì)條件下巖石破壞模式判別圖;分析高速水充填近井充填形態(tài),提出高速水充填條件下微裂縫充填和塑性擠壓充填兩種充填模式;建立了高速水充填形態(tài)判別方法;針對塑性擠壓充填,基于摩爾-庫倫作為屈服條件建立塑性破壞時擠壓充填半徑模型,并對高速水充填中擠壓充填半徑進(jìn)行影響規(guī)律分析,隨著內(nèi)摩擦角,體積模量的增大,擠壓充填半徑增大;隨著平均地應(yīng)力的增大,擠壓充填半徑減小;彈性模量對擠壓充填半徑影響很小。設(shè)計與完善現(xiàn)有微觀驅(qū)替實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置,進(jìn)行了礫石充填防砂礫石尺寸及合理擋砂層厚度優(yōu)化實(shí)驗(yàn)、機(jī)械篩管縫寬及擋砂精度優(yōu)化室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)以及井底條件下礫石層滲透率變化規(guī)律實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,礫石與地層砂粒度中值比為4-5.5倍為宜;一般產(chǎn)量井,應(yīng)保證有效礫石充填層半徑不低于30cm,高產(chǎn)量井的有效充填半徑不低于40cm;礫石層滲透率在壓實(shí)作用下明顯降低。為高速水充填防砂的礫石尺寸設(shè)計、擋砂厚度優(yōu)化以及篩管精度選擇提供了依據(jù)。針對高速水充填進(jìn)行防砂施工參數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計并且開發(fā)高速水充填模擬設(shè)計軟件,并對CB22H-10井進(jìn)行高速水充填參數(shù)優(yōu)化模擬設(shè)計,為現(xiàn)場提供參考。
[Abstract]:At present, sand production of oil and gas wells has become one of the main factors in the development of oil and gas fields in China, especially in loose sandstone oilfields. The problem of sand control has always been a difficult problem in the development of oil and gas fields, which seriously hinders the development of oil and gas fields. Sand control has become one of the key points in oilfield development. High-speed water filling and sand control can effectively reduce the difficulty of construction and achieve a good productivity effect. At the same time, the high-speed water filling and sand control is suitable for offshore oil fields and oil layers near the bottom water and gas roof, without pressing the bottom water. However, at present, the understanding of high-speed water filling mainly lies in the field technology, lack of scientific theoretical guidance knowledge. In this paper, the basic principle and characteristics of high-speed water filling sand control technology are studied and analyzed. Based on the investigation of the present situation at home and abroad, the adaptive conditions and well selection principles of high-speed water filling sand control are studied and analyzed, and the concrete well selection conditions of high-speed water filling sand control are formed. According to the knowledge of rock mechanics, the paper gives the discriminant diagram of rock failure mode under different geological conditions, analyzes the filling form of high-speed water filling near the well, and puts forward two filling modes of micro-fracture filling and plastic squeeze filling under the condition of high-speed water filling. A method for distinguishing the shape of high-speed water filling is established. For plastic extrusion filling, a model of extrusion filling radius during plastic failure is established based on Moore-Coulomb yield condition, and the influence law of extrusion filling radius in high-speed water filling is analyzed. With the increase of internal friction angle and volume modulus, the influence law of extrusion filling radius in high-speed water filling is analyzed. The squeeze filling radius increases; With the increase of the average in-situ stress, the squeeze filling radius decreases, and the elastic modulus has little effect on the extrusion filling radius. Design and perfect the existing micro displacement experiment equipment, and carry on the optimization experiment of gravel packing sand control gravel size and reasonable sand retaining layer thickness. Laboratory experiments on optimization of fracture width and sand-blocking accuracy of mechanical screen and experimental study on permeability variation of gravel layer under bottom hole conditions are carried out. The results show that the median grain size ratio of gravel to formation sand is 4. 5. 5. The radius of effective gravel packing layer should not be less than 30 cm in general production wells, and the effective filling radius of high-yield wells should not be less than 40 cm. The permeability of gravel layer decreases obviously under compaction. It provides the basis for the gravel size design, the optimization of sand retaining thickness and the selection of the accuracy of screen tube for high-speed water packing sand control. The optimization design of sand control construction parameters for high-speed water filling is carried out, and the simulation design software of high-speed water filling is developed, and the optimization simulation design of high-speed water filling parameters for CB22H-10 well is carried out, which provides a reference for the field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE358.1

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