發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-29 20:55

【摘要】：隨著世界范圍內(nèi)原油重質(zhì)化、劣質(zhì)化的日益嚴(yán)重,渣油懸浮床加氫裂化作為一種有效的重油輕質(zhì)化加工工藝廣受關(guān)注,建立一個(gè)能夠準(zhǔn)確描述渣油懸浮床加氫裂化反應(yīng)過程,并對產(chǎn)物分布進(jìn)行預(yù)測的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,對于指導(dǎo)反應(yīng)器設(shè)計(jì)、操作條件優(yōu)化等有著很重要的意義。本文以克拉瑪依常渣(KAR)為原料,在高壓反應(yīng)釜中,對KAR在不同條件下進(jìn)行加氫裂化實(shí)驗(yàn),模擬渣油懸浮床加氫裂化過程,根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)對六集總動(dòng)力學(xué)模型進(jìn)行適用性考察,并在反應(yīng)規(guī)律及適用性考察結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,開發(fā)了九集總動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。研究表明,不同反應(yīng)條件對KAR懸浮床加氫裂化影響不同,溫度的影響要大于反應(yīng)時(shí)間和氫初壓。高溫、低壓、延長反應(yīng)時(shí)間有利于KAR懸浮床加氫裂化反應(yīng)的進(jìn)行。孤島渣油六集總動(dòng)力學(xué)模型的參數(shù)并不適用于KAR懸浮床加氫裂化反應(yīng)體系,根據(jù)后者的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),采用(4,5)階龍格-庫塔法與最小二乘法相結(jié)合,通過MATLAB編程,對六集總動(dòng)力學(xué)模型參數(shù)重新估算,得到的KAR懸浮床加氫裂化六集總動(dòng)力學(xué)模型適用性較好,但存在膠質(zhì)、瀝青質(zhì)估算相對誤差較大的情況,在此基礎(chǔ)上,將氣體+餾分油集總進(jìn)行細(xì)致劃分,開發(fā)了KAR懸浮床加氫裂化九集總動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,各集總分別為氣體、汽油、柴油、蠟油、飽和分、芳香分、膠質(zhì)、瀝青質(zhì)、焦。根據(jù)反應(yīng)規(guī)律,構(gòu)建了反應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò),推導(dǎo)出動(dòng)力學(xué)方程組,并對動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)進(jìn)行求解,誤差均小于10%,大部分誤差小于5%。根據(jù)435℃、7MPa條件下的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)對模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,各產(chǎn)品收率預(yù)測相對誤差均小于10%,輕油產(chǎn)品相對誤差基本小于5%,所建立的九集總動(dòng)力學(xué)模型適用于KAR懸浮床加氫裂化反應(yīng)體系,且準(zhǔn)確度較高,對渣油懸浮床加氫裂化工藝的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:With the heavy and deterioration of crude oil in the world, the residue suspension bed hydrocracking, as an effective heavy oil light processing process, has been paid more and more attention, and an accurate description of the residue suspension bed hydrocracking process has been established, which can be used to describe the process of residue suspension bed hydrocracking, which can be used to describe the reaction process of residue suspension bed hydrocracking. The kinetic model to predict the product distribution is of great significance for guiding the reactor design and optimizing the operation conditions. In this paper, the hydrocracking experiments of KAR under different conditions were carried out using Karamay residue (KAR) as feedstock in a high pressure reactor to simulate the hydrocracking process of residue suspension bed. Based on the experimental data, the applicability of the six-lumped kinetic model was investigated, and the nine-lumped kinetic model was developed on the basis of the reaction law and the results of the investigation of the applicability of the six-lumped kinetic model. The results show that different reaction conditions have different effects on hydrocracking of KAR suspension bed, and the effect of temperature is greater than that of reaction time and hydrogen initial pressure. High temperature, low pressure and extended reaction time are beneficial to the hydrocracking of KAR suspension bed. The parameters of the six lumped kinetic model of Gudao residue are not suitable for the hydrocracking system of KAR suspension bed. According to the experimental data of the latter, the (4,5) order Runge-Kutta method combined with the least square method is adopted and programmed by MATLAB. By re-estimating the parameters of the six lumped kinetic model, the obtained six lumped kinetic model of KAR suspension bed hydrocracking has good applicability, but the relative error of the resin and asphaltene estimation is large, on the basis of which, the results show that the six lumped kinetic model is suitable for hydrocracking in suspension bed hydrocracking. A nine-lumped kinetic model for hydrocracking of KAR suspension bed was developed. Each lumped was gas, gasoline, diesel oil, wax oil, saturated fraction, aromatic fraction, colloid, asphaltene and coke. According to the reaction law, the reaction network was constructed, and the kinetic equations were deduced. The error was less than 10%, and most of the errors were less than 5%. According to the experimental data under the condition of 435C and 7MPa, the relative error of the yield prediction of each product is less than 10%, and the relative error of the light oil product is less than 5%. The nine-lumped kinetic model is suitable for the hydrocracking reaction system of KAR suspension bed, and the accuracy is high, which has certain guiding significance for the further development of residual oil suspension bed hydrocracking process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE624

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