【摘要】：油田的開發(fā)方式?jīng)Q定著石油采收率的高低,三元復(fù)合驅(qū)(即Alkali-Surfactant-Polymer Flooding,簡寫為:ASP Flooding)的出現(xiàn)進一步提升了石油采收率。一方面擺脫了由于油田資源有限導(dǎo)致可供勘探的資源越來越少的限制,另一方面保證了現(xiàn)有的石油開采量的穩(wěn)產(chǎn)和增產(chǎn),從而緩解了社會日益增長的石油供需矛盾。然而,隨著三元復(fù)合驅(qū)油的廣泛運用,采出水中殘留的堿、表面活性劑和聚合物等導(dǎo)致了油水乳化程度增加,油水分離越發(fā)困難,處理后難以達到回注水水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求,增加注水井洗井次數(shù)等一系列技術(shù)問題的難度。論文研究采用多相催化臭氧法處理三元復(fù)合驅(qū)污水,利用催化劑催化臭氧產(chǎn)生一種化學(xué)電位高,氧化能力強,反應(yīng)迅速的高效氧化劑羥基自由基(?OH),無選擇性地氧化有機污染物,以達到良好的破乳和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)去除效果。首先進行金屬螯合物催化臭氧氧化特性研究,分析了金屬螯合物催化臭氧的理論基礎(chǔ),并對其進行了可行性分析。通過選擇螯合劑、檢測出力系數(shù)以及確定催化劑優(yōu)化配比的研究,考察了金屬螯合物催化臭氧化效能。同時分析了水力停留時間(HRT)和pH值對金屬螯合物催化臭氧氧化PAM效能的影響。接著進行金屬螯合物催化臭氧化效能及動力學(xué)研究,分別考察了金屬螯合物催化臭氧氧化PAM溶液及其附加表面活性劑的混合溶液的破乳效能影響,并進行了金屬螯合物催化臭氧的可生化效能及動力學(xué)研究。研究結(jié)果表明,出力系數(shù)100%、硫酸亞鐵(FeSO4)與乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)濃度比率為1:1條件下,在HRT達到2.0h時,溶液中PAM的去除率為75%,降粘效率為64%,有機物去除和溶液破乳效果良好。同時,酸性環(huán)境不利于金屬螯合物催化臭氧氧化反應(yīng),而堿性環(huán)境則反之。金屬螯合物催化臭氧氧化后,PAM溶液的B/C比值從0.121提升到0.423,可生化性有所提高。此外,金屬螯合物催化臭氧反應(yīng)符合二級動力學(xué)反應(yīng),其氧化初始濃度在50~100 mg/L范圍內(nèi)的PAM溶液時,二級反應(yīng)速率常數(shù)在2.20×10-4~3.05×10-4 L·(mg·min)-1之間。
[Abstract]:The development mode of oil field determines the level of oil recovery, and the appearance of ternary compound flooding (Alkali-Surfactant-Polymer Flooding, abbreviated as: ASP Flooding) further improves oil recovery. On the one hand, it gets rid of the limitation of less and less resources for exploration due to the limited resources of oil fields, on the other hand, it guarantees the steady production and increase of oil production, thus alleviating the increasing contradiction between supply and demand of oil in the society. However, with the wide application of ASP flooding, the remaining alkali, surfactant and polymer in the produced water lead to the increase of oil-water emulsifying degree, the separation of oil and water is more difficult, and it is difficult to meet the requirement of water quality standard of reinjection after treatment. It is difficult to increase the frequency of water injection well washing and a series of technical problems. In this paper, multi-phase catalytic ozone method is used to treat ternary compound flooding wastewater, and catalyst is used to catalyze ozone to produce an efficient oxidizer hydroxyl radical (? OH), which has high chemical potential, strong oxidation ability and rapid reaction. Non-selective oxidation of organic pollutants to achieve good demulsification and polyacrylamide (PAM) removal effect. Firstly, the catalytic ozonation characteristics of metal chelates were studied, the theoretical basis of metal chelates catalytic ozonation was analyzed, and the feasibility of metal chelates catalytic ozonation was analyzed. The catalytic efficiency of metal chelates for ozonation was investigated by selecting chelating agent, detecting the yield coefficient and determining the optimum ratio of catalyst. The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and pH value on the catalytic activity of metal chelates for ozonation of PAM were also analyzed. Then, the catalytic efficiency and kinetics of metal chelates for ozonation of PAM solution and its mixed solution were studied, and the influence of metal chelates on demulsifying efficiency of ozonation solution and its mixed solution was investigated. The biochemical efficiency and kinetics of ozone catalyzed by metal chelates were studied. The results showed that the removal rate of PAM and viscosity reduction efficiency were 75% and 64% under the conditions of output coefficient 100%, concentration ratio of ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) being 1:1 and HRT reaching 2.0 h. The removal of organic matter and demulsification of solution are good. At the same time, acidic environment is not favorable for metal chelates to catalyze ozonation reaction, but alkaline environment is opposite. After ozonation catalyzed by metal chelates, the B / C ratio of PAM solution was increased from 0.121 to 0.423, and the biodegradability was improved. In addition, the reaction of ozone catalyzed by metal chelates conforms to the second order kinetic reaction, and the rate constant of the second order reaction is between 2.20 脳 10 ~ (4) 4 L (mg 路min and 3.05 脳 10 ~ (5) L (mg 路min) when the initial concentration of PAM is in the range of 50 脳 100 mg/L.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.46

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1 唐善法;劉芬;;氣浮技術(shù)處理聚合物驅(qū)含油污水研究[J];石油天然氣學(xué)報(江漢石油學(xué)院學(xué)報);2006年04期

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本文編號：2445167