【摘要】：東濮凹陷沙三段儲層中普遍發(fā)育裂縫。本文運用巖心觀察、薄片鑒定、掃描電鏡、物性分析等技術(shù)方法對東濮凹陷沙三段儲層特征、裂縫發(fā)育特征進行了研究,統(tǒng)計了研究區(qū)各類型裂縫的參數(shù)特征,在此基礎(chǔ)上,對裂縫的主控因素、成因機制及其對儲層的影響進行了深入的探討。東濮凹陷沙三段儲層平均孔隙度為12.6%,平均滲透率為38.2×10-3μm2,屬于低孔-特低滲儲層,成巖環(huán)境復(fù)雜,成巖環(huán)境為酸-堿交替型。儲層物性縱向上具有分區(qū)分帶的特點,可劃分出三個異常高孔隙帶。平面上儲層物性的分布也具有分區(qū)性,高孔區(qū)主要集中在胡狀集、徐樓、濮城三個地區(qū)。研究區(qū)裂縫按規(guī)�？煞譃楹暧^裂縫和微觀裂縫兩大類。按成因可分為構(gòu)造縫、超壓縫和成巖縫三種類型。其中微觀裂縫又可分為粒內(nèi)縫、貼�？p和穿粒縫。裂縫走向多呈NNE、NE,開度、密度、延伸長度等參數(shù)之間具有一定的相關(guān)性。宏觀裂縫多被石膏、碳質(zhì)半充填、微觀裂縫有效性較好。裂縫的發(fā)育程度主要受沉積作用、構(gòu)造作用、異常高壓作用、成巖作用的控制。脆性顆粒含量越多、粒度越粗、層厚越薄裂縫越發(fā)育;構(gòu)造縫的發(fā)育受斷層控制,離斷層越近裂縫越發(fā)育,斷地比為10是構(gòu)造縫的發(fā)育下限;鹽下及鹽間地層易形成異常高壓帶,壓力系數(shù)為1.2為超壓縫的發(fā)育下限。受喜山期NW-SE向拉張應(yīng)力和ES向擠壓應(yīng)力兩期構(gòu)造運動的影響,構(gòu)造裂縫分兩期,第一期形成于沙三段末期,第二期形成于東營組末期的構(gòu)造反轉(zhuǎn)時期。超壓裂縫形成與烴類充注和鹽膏巖脫水作用有關(guān),其形成時期為沙二段末期,與烴類充注時期相一致。成巖縫以微裂縫為主,其形成主要與壓實、溶解等成巖作用有關(guān),研究區(qū)裂縫的形成序列為:早期構(gòu)造縫-壓裂縫-溶解縫-超壓縫-收縮縫-晚期構(gòu)造縫-溶解縫-壓裂縫。裂縫是該區(qū)重要的儲集空間類型,裂縫發(fā)育層段的含油性普遍較好,單井的產(chǎn)能隨裂縫發(fā)育程度的增加而提高。宏觀裂縫主要起滲流作用,能很大程度提高儲層滲透率。微觀裂縫主要作為儲集空間,增加儲層孔隙度,也可以增加孔隙連通性。流體沿裂縫流動同樣可形成溶蝕孔隙帶,改善儲層物性。
[Abstract]:Fractures are generally developed in the third member of Shahejie formation in Dongpu depression. In this paper, core observation, thin slice identification, scanning electron microscopy and physical property analysis are used to study reservoir characteristics and fracture development characteristics of the third member of Shahejie formation in Dongpu depression, and the parameter characteristics of all types of fractures in the study area are counted, on the basis of which, The main controlling factors, genetic mechanism and its influence on reservoir are discussed in this paper. The average porosity and permeability are 12.6% and 38.2 脳 10 ~ (- 3) 渭 m ~ 2, respectively. The reservoir belongs to low porosity-ultra-low permeability reservoir. The diagenetic environment is complex and acid-alkali alternate type. The reservoir physical properties have the characteristics of zonation longitudinally, and can be divided into three abnormal high porosity zones. The distribution of reservoir physical properties on the plane is also divisional, and the high porosity area is mainly concentrated in three areas: Hu-shaped formation, Xulou and Pucheng. The fractures in the study area can be divided into macro-fractures and micro-fractures according to the scale. According to the origin, they can be divided into three types: tectonic joint, overpressure joint and diagenetic fracture. The micro-cracks can be divided into intra-grain seam, grain-sticking seam and through-grain seam. There is a certain correlation between the fracture strike parameters such as NNE,NE, opening, density, extension length and so on. Macro-cracks are mostly filled with gypsum and carbonaceous half-filled, and the effectiveness of micro-cracks is better. The degree of fracture development is mainly controlled by sedimentation, tectonic process, abnormal high pressure and diagenesis. The more brittle particles are, the thicker the grain size is, the thinner the fracture is, the development of structural joint is controlled by fault, and the closer the fault is, the more the fracture develops, and the ratio of fault to ground is 10 as the lower limit of development of structural joint. The abnormal high pressure zone is easily formed in the subsalt and intersalt formations, and the pressure coefficient is 1.2 as the lower limit of the development of the overpressure fracture. Influenced by the tectonic movement of NW-SE-trending tensile stress and ES-trending compressive stress during Himalayan period, the tectonic fractures are divided into two stages, the first stage is formed at the end of the third member of the Shahejie formation, the second stage is formed at the end of the Dongying formation during the tectonic inversion period. The formation of overpressure fractures is related to hydrocarbon filling and dehydration of salt-gypsum rocks, and its formation period is at the end of the second member of the Shahejie formation, which is consistent with the hydrocarbon filling period. The diagenesis of diagenesis is mainly related to compaction, dissolution and other diagenesis. The formation sequence of fractures in the study area is as follows: early tectonic fractures-compressive fractures-dissolved joints-over-pressured joints-contraction joints-late tectonic joints-dissolved fractures-fracturing fractures. Fracture is an important type of reservoir space in this area. The oil-bearing property of fracture-developed strata is generally good, and the productivity of single well increases with the increase of fracture development degree. Macro fractures play a major role in seepage, which can greatly improve reservoir permeability. Micro fractures are mainly used as reservoir space, increase reservoir porosity, but also increase porosity connectivity. The fluid flow along the fracture can also form the dissolution pore zone and improve the physical properties of the reservoir.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13

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