【摘要】：在石油行業(yè)中,兩相流的研究是一個國內外重要的研究課題,多數(shù)油氣井不可避免的出現(xiàn)氣液或者油氣水的多相混合流動,因此在氣井舉升過程中,對于垂直管氣液兩相流的研究有著極為重要的實際意義。而其中一個重要的目的就是解決氣液的井下分離問題,隨著油田的不斷開發(fā),氣相對油井的影響越來越明顯,氣體也是造成抽油機泵效率較低的重要原因。例如有些復雜斷塊油氣藏,原始氣油比高達150-2003 3m/m,部分極其嚴重的井可達到20003 3m/m。只有降低進入泵的氣體的量才能有效的提高泵效率。所以,井下分離器技術的研究是提高泵效的方法之一�；使谛投啾攘鞣蛛x器是以油氣密度差為基礎,通過延長氣液混合物在沉降杯內的停留時間,降低進入泵的氣體的量來提高分離器的脫氣效率。本實驗室建立一個模擬井下分離器的實驗模型,通過對分離器的理論水力分析和試驗模型研究兩方面進行,在實驗結果的基礎上,對多杯等流分離器的諸多結構提出改進建議。例如調整中心管內的流量以促進氣泡群的形成,增大分離效率。本課題實驗研究采用理論分析和模型相結合的方法,查閱文獻學習氣液分離技術和它在井下氣液分離領域中的應用,深入研究了垂直管中氣液兩相流動的特點和氣泡的運動特性。在東北石油大學特種實驗室內設計、搭建了一套模擬井下氣液分離器的實驗裝置。利用高速攝像機連續(xù)記錄不同流量下沉降杯內氣泡的運動情況,分析氣泡運動參數(shù),以此為依據(jù),提出氣液分離器的多個結構的改進方案。增大沉降杯底部瓦棱結構的傾斜角度,調節(jié)沉降杯流量促使氣泡群的產生。
[Abstract]:In the petroleum industry, the study of two-phase flow is an important research subject at home and abroad, most oil and gas wells inevitably appear gas-liquid or oil-gas-water multiphase mixed flow, so in the process of gas well lifting, It is of great practical significance for the study of gas-liquid two-phase flow in vertical tubes. One of the important purposes is to solve the problem of downhole gas-liquid separation. With the development of oil field, the influence of gas on oil well becomes more and more obvious, and gas is also an important reason for the low efficiency of pumping unit pump. For example, in some complex fault block reservoirs, the original gas-oil ratio is as high as 150 m / m, and some extremely serious wells can reach 20003 m / m 路m ~ (- 1). Only reduce the amount of gas into the pump can effectively improve the pump efficiency. Therefore, the study of downhole separator technology is one of the methods to improve pump efficiency. Crown multi-cup isocurrent separator is based on the difference of oil and gas density. The degassing efficiency of the separator is improved by prolonging the residence time of gas-liquid mixture in the settling cup and reducing the amount of gas entering the pump. The laboratory established an experimental model to simulate the downhole separator. Through the theoretical hydraulic analysis and the experimental model study of the separator, on the basis of the experimental results, some suggestions for improving the structure of the multi-cup equi-flow separator were put forward. For example, adjust the flow rate in the central tube to promote the formation of bubble groups and increase the separation efficiency. This paper adopts the method of combining theoretical analysis and model to study the technology of gas-liquid separation and its application in the field of downhole gas-liquid separation. The characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow and bubble motion in vertical tubes are studied. A set of experimental equipment for simulating downhole gas-liquid separator was designed and built in the Special Laboratory of Northeastern Petroleum University. Based on the continuous recording of bubble motion in the settling cup by high-speed camera at different flow rates, the improvement scheme of several structures of gas-liquid separator is put forward on the basis of the analysis of bubble motion parameters. Increasing the inclined angle of the flange structure at the bottom of the settling cup and adjusting the flow rate of the settling cup to promote the formation of the bubble group.
【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE931

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本文編號：2432987