【摘要】：隨著常規(guī)石油資源的日益枯竭,世界原油供應(yīng)量呈現(xiàn)重質(zhì)化、劣質(zhì)化的發(fā)展趨勢,從分子水平研究石油酸在原油中的組成結(jié)構(gòu)、賦予形態(tài)對重質(zhì)高酸原油資源的高效利用有重要意義。論文針對新疆風(fēng)城稠油,采用堿醇抽提法分離得到原油及其餾分油中的石油酸,采用現(xiàn)代儀器分析手段對石油酸的組成結(jié)構(gòu)進行分析。結(jié)果表明:風(fēng)城稠油石油酸中環(huán)烷酸占79.84%,脂肪酸占20.16%;環(huán)烷酸中一環(huán)、二環(huán)、三環(huán)、四環(huán)環(huán)烷酸/芳環(huán)羧酸、五環(huán)環(huán)烷酸/芳環(huán)并一環(huán)羧酸及六環(huán)環(huán)烷酸/芳環(huán)并二環(huán)羧酸的含量較平均,且處于11.00%～18.88%之間。石油酸中還存在少量3～5環(huán)芳香結(jié)構(gòu)物質(zhì)。220～360℃餾分石油酸以脂肪酸為主,芳環(huán)酸含量很少。360～440℃餾分石油酸以環(huán)烷酸和芳香酸為主,環(huán)烷酸含量略高于芳香酸。440℃餾分石油酸中芳香酸含量較高,其次為環(huán)烷酸,脂肪酸含量少。采用四組分分離方法得到瀝青質(zhì)和膠質(zhì)組分,用元素分析、FT-IR、NMR、XPS等方法對其結(jié)構(gòu)進行表征,并用1H-NMR/IR法計算得到它們的平均分子結(jié)構(gòu)。采用分子動力學(xué)模擬方法考察石油酸在風(fēng)城稠油中的賦予形態(tài),結(jié)果表明:環(huán)烷酸分子能與膠質(zhì)或瀝青質(zhì)形成穩(wěn)定的聚集體,而不能與烷烴、芳烴和環(huán)烷烴組分自發(fā)形成聚集體。隨著環(huán)烷酸環(huán)數(shù)增加,酸分子與膠質(zhì)的結(jié)合能增強。含有環(huán)烷環(huán)并芳香結(jié)構(gòu)的石油酸分子最易與膠質(zhì)形成聚集體,其次為環(huán)烷酸,脂肪酸與膠質(zhì)的結(jié)合能最弱。
[Abstract]:With the increasing depletion of conventional petroleum resources, the world crude oil supply presents a trend of heavy quality and poor quality. The composition of petroleum acids in crude oil is studied at the molecular level. The conferring form is of great significance to the efficient utilization of heavy and high acid crude oil resources. In this paper, the petroleum acid in crude oil and its distillate is separated by alkali and alcohol extraction method, and the composition of petroleum acid is analyzed by means of modern instrument analysis. The results showed that naphthenic acid and fatty acid accounted for 79.84 and 20.16 respectively in petroleum acid of Fengcheng heavy oil. The contents of monocyclic, bicyclic, tricyclic, tetracyclic naphthenic acid / aromatic cyclocarboxylic acid, pentacyclic naphthenic acid / aromatic monocyclic carboxylic acid and hexachlorocycloalkanoic acid / arocyclic dicyclic carboxylic acid in Naphthenic acid are relatively average, and are in the range of 11.00% or 18.88%. There are also a few aromatic compounds in petroleum acids. The petroleum acids at 220 鈩，

本文編號：2418625