【摘要】：近些年來,國內(nèi)外出現(xiàn)的變壓器和電抗器故障中有不少是因變壓器油中腐蝕性硫而導致的。腐蝕性硫就是油中微量雜質(zhì)中的一種,它能與變壓器中的銅反應生成硫化亞銅沉積。由于硫化亞銅的導電性,該物質(zhì)對導線絕緣紙滲透、污染,使導線絕緣度逐漸減弱,最終導致變壓器燒壞,便是造成這類故障的主要原因。目前腐蝕性硫的問題得到電力研究和生產(chǎn)者廣泛關(guān)注,在眾多減少硫腐蝕的措施中,添加金屬減活劑是比較經(jīng)濟有效的手段。為探討變壓器在運行中硫腐蝕問題,設(shè)計了硫醇和DBDS(二芐基二硫)對變壓器油腐蝕的試驗方案,即在25#變壓器新油中加入濃度為0,100,200,300,400,500(mg/kg)的十二硫醇和DBDS,在140℃下恒溫老化48小時。測試了變壓器油酸值、體積電阻率、表面張力和銅含量數(shù)值的。結(jié)果表明:在相同條件下,硫醇對變壓器油的影響要高于DBDS。因此在研究硫腐蝕時不能忽略硫醇的影響。并且還對DBDS對變壓器油的影響做了研究,以溫度和時間為條件參數(shù),發(fā)現(xiàn)變壓器油中若存在二芐基二硫,則隨著運行時間增長,會緩慢的影響變壓器油的老化與氧化程度,但是在運行過程中,一旦發(fā)生溫度升高的情況,即使是微量的二芐基二硫也會加速油品的氧化和老化。對于減活劑對腐蝕性硫的抑制作用,首先設(shè)計了加入苯并三氮唑(BTA)和Irgamet39(甲基苯并三氮唑類衍生物)對分別含有二芐基二硫和硫醇的油樣的腐蝕抑制效果,以及鈍化劑濃度的變化對腐蝕的影響,結(jié)果顯示:加入鈍化劑過多會對油品性能造成很大的破壞。其次設(shè)計了加入BTA對變壓器油硫腐蝕的試驗方案,即在25號變壓器新油中加入100mg/kg二芐基二硫(DBDS)作為空白樣,繼續(xù)加入100mg/kg的BTA作為試驗樣,在100℃、120℃老化40天,測試了不同老化時間、溫度和加入鈍化劑前后變壓器油的酸值、體積電阻率、表面張力和銅含量及其變化。結(jié)果表明:苯并三氮唑的加入能有效抑制硫腐蝕,在正常運行溫度下,加入苯并三氮唑?qū)τ偷捏w積電阻率影響不大,亦即使安全的。但是若變壓器油溫度升高,則鈍化劑的加入會加劇變壓器油的老化。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there are many transformer and reactor failures at home and abroad caused by corrosive sulfur in transformer oil. Corrosive sulfur is one of the trace impurities in oil. It can react with copper in transformer to form copper sulphide deposition. Due to the conductivity of cuprous sulphide, the material penetrates and pollutes the conductor insulator paper, which weakens the insulation degree of the conductor and finally causes the transformer to burn out, which is the main reason for this kind of failure. At present, the problem of corrosive sulfur has been paid more and more attention by electric power research and producers. Among the many measures to reduce sulfur corrosion, adding metal deactivation agent is a more economical and effective method. In order to discuss the sulfur corrosion problem of transformer in operation, a test scheme for corrosion of transformer oil by mercaptan and DBDS (dibenzyl disulfide) was designed, that is, adding dodecanethanol and DBDS, with concentration of 0100200300400500 (mg/kg) to the new oil of 25# transformer. Aging at 140 鈩，

本文編號：2411726