【摘要】：原油的運輸是石油生產(chǎn)加工過程中的重要環(huán)節(jié),在石油的生產(chǎn)、加工、銷售等環(huán)節(jié),自始至終都離不開管道。原油在管道輸送過程中,不可避免的會發(fā)生自然災(zāi)害、管線維修和油田停電等情況;另一方面受輸量影響,也可能出現(xiàn)被迫間歇停輸現(xiàn)象,因此在生產(chǎn)操作過程中會出現(xiàn)計劃停輸和事故停輸。停輸后再啟動過程能否順利進行將直接影響到管線運行的安全與成本。為了保障含蠟原油管道安全穩(wěn)定運行,本文研究了埋地含蠟原油管道停輸再啟動過程。為實現(xiàn)含蠟原油管道安全經(jīng)濟地運行,以原油管道正常運行工況為基礎(chǔ),建立停輸工況下的傳熱模型,采用有限元法對模型求解,計算不同停輸時間下管道的沿程溫度,并繪制夏、冬兩季埋地管道的土壤溫度場。根據(jù)原油管道再啟動工況的熱力與水力、管內(nèi)原油與管外介質(zhì)相互耦合的特征,考慮原油收縮性、壓縮性以及觸變性對再啟動特性的影響,以管內(nèi)原油的連續(xù)性方程、動量守恒方程、能量守恒方程及相關(guān)邊界條件和初始條件為基礎(chǔ),建立停輸再啟動過程非穩(wěn)態(tài)熱力水力耦合模型。采用沖擊波理論結(jié)合特征線法對再啟動過程求解,應(yīng)用Matlab編制停輸再啟動計算程序,并對某埋地原油管道夏、冬兩季進行模擬計算,分析再啟動過程中管道首末端油溫和沿線流量隨時間的變化規(guī)律,以及再啟動時管道首端的壓力變化。并以管道極限承壓能力為判據(jù),確定含蠟原油管道夏冬兩季安全停輸時間,為管道安全運行提供了可靠的理論依據(jù),進而指導(dǎo)管線的安全操作與管理。
[Abstract]:The transportation of crude oil is an important link in the process of petroleum production and processing. In the course of pipeline transportation, natural disasters, pipeline maintenance and oil field outages will inevitably occur. On the other hand, due to the influence of the quantity of transportation, the phenomenon of forced intermittent shutdown may also occur, so there will be planned shutdown and accident shutdown in the process of production and operation. The safety and cost of pipeline operation will be directly affected by the success of restart process after shutdown and transmission. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of waxy crude oil pipeline, this paper studies the shutdown and restarting process of buried waxy crude oil pipeline. In order to realize the safe and economical operation of waxy crude oil pipeline, based on the normal operation condition of crude oil pipeline, the heat transfer model under shutdown condition is established. The finite element method is used to solve the model, and the pipeline temperature along the pipeline under different shutdown time is calculated. The soil temperature field of buried pipeline in summer and winter was plotted. According to the thermodynamic and hydraulic characteristics of the restarting condition of the crude oil pipeline and the coupling characteristics between the crude oil and the medium outside the pipe, the effects of the shrinkage, compressibility and thixotropy of the crude oil on the restarting characteristics are considered, and the continuity equation of the crude oil in the pipe is taken into account. Based on momentum conservation equation, energy conservation equation and related boundary conditions and initial conditions, the unsteady thermodynamic and hydraulic coupling model of shutdown and restarting process is established. The shock wave theory combined with the characteristic line method is used to solve the restarting process, and Matlab is used to compile the program of stopping and restarting, and to simulate the summer and winter of a buried crude oil pipeline in summer and winter. The variation of oil temperature and flow rate along the first end of the pipeline with time and the pressure variation of the first end of the pipeline during the restarting process are analyzed. Based on the limit pressure bearing capacity of pipeline, the safe shutdown time of waxy crude oil pipeline in summer and winter is determined, which provides a reliable theoretical basis for the safe operation of pipeline, and then guides the safe operation and management of pipeline.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE832

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 韓繼勇;侯云翌;鄭維師;;冷家稠油黏溫特性及流變特性實驗研究[J];西北大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2014年04期

2 解俊卿;李其撫;張冬敏;張立新;霍連風(fēng);支樹潔;蘇文芳;劉鑫;;用儲能模量表征含蠟原油的屈服值[J];油氣儲運;2014年04期

3 付在國;宇波;;凍土區(qū)輸油管道周圍土壤的水熱力三場研究[J];油氣儲運;2010年08期

4 宇波;付在國;李偉;張勁軍;;埋地?zé)嵊凸艿罒崃?shù)測定裝置的設(shè)計與應(yīng)用[J];油氣儲運;2010年08期

5 陳明;蒲家寧;;分析管道順序輸送水力瞬變的動態(tài)網(wǎng)格特征線計算法[J];油氣儲運;2008年12期

6 彭建偉;韓善鵬;張勁軍;侯磊;;膠凝大慶原油不同加載時間下的屈服特性[J];中國石油大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2008年04期

7 侯磊;張勁軍;;含蠟原油屈服特性的試驗研究[J];石油天然氣學(xué)報;2007年06期

8 劉曉燕;張艷;劉立君;趙波;;特高含水期油氣水混輸管道壓降計算方法研究[J];工程熱物理學(xué)報;2006年04期

9 蔣洪;朱聰;雷利;;土壤導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)法測定魏荊輸油管道總傳熱系數(shù)[J];油氣儲運;2006年06期

10 孫長宇;陳光進;楊蘭英;馬昌峰;;原油壓縮系數(shù)實驗與關(guān)聯(lián)[J];化學(xué)工程;2006年02期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 賈永英;埋地含蠟原油管道運行及停輸再啟動過程研究[D];大慶石油學(xué)院;2009年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 梁穎;海底輸油管道停輸再啟動研究[D];西南石油大學(xué);2014年

2 胡蓉;大慶原油啟動觸變特性研究[D];中國石油大學(xué);2007年

3 林名楨;含蠟原油輸送管道再啟動模型的研究[D];中國石油大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號：2395883