【摘要】：我國天然氣資源分布非常廣泛,呈現(xiàn)西多東少的分布趨勢,且大多數(shù)是小型離散氣田,地處偏遠地帶,單井產氣量低,導致可開采的天然氣資源得不到充分的利用。近些年,為了充分利用這部分資源,具有靈活移動、拆裝方便、體積小、建廠周期短等優(yōu)勢的小型可移動式LNG撬裝裝置備受矚目。因此,本課題運用自動化控制技術,結合天然氣的物理、化學性質和天然氣生產的專業(yè)知識,對這一裝置及其關鍵實現(xiàn)技術進行了較深入的研究,并以SIEMENS S7-200 Smart PLC為核心,開發(fā)了相應的站控系統(tǒng),主要內容如下：首先,在分析了國內外天然氣液化裝置的設計及液化流程的基礎上,完成小型可移動式LNG撬裝站的工藝流程設計,并根據(jù)天然氣液化的工藝流程與生產信息,以及LNG撬裝站對站控系統(tǒng)的需求,提出小型M-LNG撬裝站站控系統(tǒng)的體系架構。在此結構上,規(guī)劃站控系統(tǒng)的硬件結構,完成現(xiàn)場設備單元的各類儀表選型,過程控制單元的主要硬件選型和硬件接線設計,監(jiān)控管理單元的軟件設計方案。其次,針對氣田工作環(huán)境惡劣,且撬裝站生產信息數(shù)據(jù)量大的特點,提出了基于以太網的數(shù)據(jù)交換方案,該方案采取了兩套通信線路,一套是采用TCP/IP協(xié)議,通過以太網接口來完成上位機與PL、PLC與PLC之間、PLC與下位機之間的通信,另一套是使用無線路由器,實現(xiàn)控制系統(tǒng)與監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)之間的實時數(shù)據(jù)交換。最后,根據(jù)站控系統(tǒng)的控制要求,完成PLC控制單元的軟件編寫,并通過MATLAB仿真軟件對PID控制進行仿真,完成基于組態(tài)王的上位機以及基于Smart 700IE的下位機的監(jiān)控畫面的創(chuàng)建,完成基于Modbus RTU主從站協(xié)議通信的通信協(xié)議編寫,實現(xiàn)小型LNG撬裝站站控系統(tǒng)的開發(fā),并通過試驗應用,證實了系統(tǒng)的適用性。
[Abstract]:The distribution of natural gas resources in China is very extensive, showing a tendency of distribution in the west, more in the east and less in the east, and most of them are small discrete gas fields, which are located in remote areas and have low gas production per well, which leads to the insufficient utilization of the recoverable natural gas resources. In recent years, in order to make full use of this part of resources, small portable LNG prying devices with advantages of flexible movement, convenient disassembly and assembly, small size and short construction period have attracted much attention. Therefore, with the application of automatic control technology, combined with the physical and chemical properties of natural gas and the specialized knowledge of natural gas production, this paper makes a deep research on this device and its key technologies, and takes SIEMENS S7-200 Smart PLC as the core. The corresponding station control system is developed. The main contents are as follows: firstly, on the basis of analyzing the design and liquefaction process of domestic and foreign natural gas liquefaction equipment, the process design of small portable LNG prying station is completed. According to the process flow and production information of natural gas liquefaction, as well as the demand of LNG prying station for station control system, the system architecture of small M-LNG prying station control system is put forward. In this structure, we plan the hardware structure of the station control system, complete all kinds of instrument selection of the field equipment unit, the main hardware selection and the hardware wiring design of the process control unit, and the software design scheme of the monitoring management unit. Secondly, in view of the bad working environment in the gas field and the large amount of production information in the prying station, a data exchange scheme based on Ethernet is put forward, which adopts two sets of communication circuits, one of which is based on TCP/IP protocol. The communication between host computer and PL,PLC and between PLC and lower computer is accomplished through Ethernet interface. Another set is to use wireless router to realize real-time data exchange between control system and monitoring system. Finally, according to the control requirements of the station control system, the software of the PLC control unit is written, and the PID control is simulated by the MATLAB simulation software. The upper computer based on Kingview and the monitoring screen of the lower computer based on Smart 700IE are created. The communication protocol based on Modbus RTU master-slave protocol communication is completed, and the development of small LNG prying station control system is realized. The applicability of the system is proved through the experiment and application.
【學位授予單位】：寧夏大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE978;TP273

【引證文獻】

相關會議論文 前1條

1 陳莉;;PLC在油田撬裝式設備中的應用[A];山東省石油學會油田電力、通信及自動化技術研討會優(yōu)秀工程技術論文集[C];2009年

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本文編號：2383688