發(fā)布時間：2018-12-14 20:27

【摘要】：為研究海底原油與天然氣單相泄漏擴散規(guī)律的差異性,合理制定應急響應策略,減小事故損失,針對海底管道失效所致的原油與天然氣泄漏問題,基于計算流體動力學CFD方法,建立海底油氣管道泄漏事故后果預測與評估模型,對特定事故場景下的海底原油與天然氣泄漏擴散過程進行模擬與分析,從泄漏擴散過程、工況因素影響、泄漏后果及應對策略4個方面對比原油與天然氣的泄漏擴散特性。結果表明:相同工況下,海底原油與天然氣在泄漏速率、擴散時間、擴散形態(tài)及水平最大擴散距離方面存在顯著差別;與天然氣相比,原油泄漏擴散行為對工況因素具有更高的敏感性;原油泄漏會引發(fā)嚴重的環(huán)境災害,天然氣泄漏則會影響海上結構物的穩(wěn)定性及引發(fā)火災爆炸事故,據(jù)此需合理制定具有針對性的應對策略。
[Abstract]:In order to study the difference between the single phase leakage and diffusion law of submarine crude oil and natural gas, formulate the emergency response strategy reasonably and reduce the accident loss, aiming at the leakage of crude oil and natural gas caused by the failure of submarine pipeline, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is used to solve the problem. A model for predicting and evaluating the consequences of submarine oil and gas leakage accidents is established, and the process of oil and gas leakage and diffusion under specific accident scenarios is simulated and analyzed. The leakage and diffusion characteristics of crude oil and natural gas are compared in four aspects. The results show that there are significant differences in leakage rate, diffusion time, diffusion morphology and horizontal maximum diffusion distance between submarine crude oil and natural gas under the same operating conditions. Compared with natural gas, the leakage and diffusion behavior of crude oil is more sensitive to the operating conditions. The leakage of crude oil will cause serious environmental disasters, and the leakage of natural gas will affect the stability of offshore structures and cause fire and explosion accidents.
【作者單位】： 中國石油大學(華東)海洋油氣裝備與安全技術研究中心;
【基金】：國家重點研發(fā)計劃課題(2016YFC0802305) 中國石油大學(華東)研究生創(chuàng)新工程項目(YCXJ2016057)
【分類號】：TE832.2

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