【摘要】：隨著石油開采技術(shù)的不斷提高,非石油資源的開發(fā)和利用比例增大。類似加拿大油砂瀝青這種儲量非常豐富的非石油資源逐漸受到研究者們的關(guān)注,但其組成復(fù)雜、黏度高、金屬雜原子含量高和殘?zhí)恐蹈?使得該資源的運輸存在著嚴(yán)重困難,因此選擇合適的工藝進(jìn)行改質(zhì)輸送是一個值得研究的課題。本文針對油砂瀝青常壓渣油進(jìn)行減黏改質(zhì)、臨氫降黏改質(zhì)以及臨氫供氫降黏改質(zhì)的研究,為開發(fā)油砂瀝青臨氫供氫降黏改質(zhì)技術(shù)提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。分別考察了反應(yīng)條件對幾種工藝改質(zhì)油性質(zhì)的影響,參照380#燃料油的輸送標(biāo)準(zhǔn)篩選出合適的油砂瀝青臨氫供氫改質(zhì)的工藝條件。同時揭示了氫氣和供氫劑在油砂瀝青臨氫供氫降黏改質(zhì)中的協(xié)同作用機制。油砂瀝青常壓渣油通過減黏改質(zhì),黏度降低,改質(zhì)油安定性太差,不能夠進(jìn)行長距離的管輸船運。但是油砂瀝青常壓渣油通過臨氫降黏改質(zhì)之后,黏度和安定性均能滿足管輸船運的要求,而且oAPI也有所提高。優(yōu)化的臨氫降黏改質(zhì)工藝條件為420oC、10min,在此條件下,改質(zhì)油的黏度為375.35mm~2/s,oAPI提高1.5個單位,到達(dá)13.3。利用化學(xué)探針法對供氫餾分油DA、DB進(jìn)行了氫轉(zhuǎn)移指數(shù)的確定。結(jié)果表明:供氫餾分油DB的氫轉(zhuǎn)移能力大于DA,而且確定了DB的最佳摻入量為5%。油砂瀝青常壓渣油臨氫供氫試驗結(jié)果表明:臨氫供氫降黏反應(yīng)更有利于油砂瀝青常壓渣油的改質(zhì)效果,改質(zhì)油安定性和oAPI也有所提高,生焦量減少。優(yōu)化的臨氫供氫降黏改質(zhì)的工藝條件為420oC、15min。在此條件下,改質(zhì)油的黏度為198.48mm~2/s,oAPI可達(dá)15.4。最后,對氫氣和供氫劑在油砂瀝青熱改質(zhì)中的協(xié)同作用進(jìn)行研究。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),氫氣的存在能使供氫劑的供氫能力增大。而且二者的加入會改變產(chǎn)物分布,減少重組分的生成。臨氫供氫是通過提高反應(yīng)的表觀活化能,抑制反應(yīng)速率,來保證反應(yīng)可以在更高的苛刻度下進(jìn)行,在保證產(chǎn)物安定性等質(zhì)量合格的前提下,最大限度的降低黏度。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of petroleum exploitation technology, the proportion of non-oil resources development and utilization increases. The non-petroleum resources, which are rich in oil sand asphalt in Canada, have been paid more and more attention by researchers. However, their complex composition, high viscosity, high content of metal heteroatoms and high carbon value make the transportation of this resource very difficult. Therefore, it is worth studying to select the appropriate process to carry out the modified transportation. In this paper, the viscosity reduction modification, hydrogen viscosity reduction and hydrogen supply viscosity reduction modification of oil sand asphalt atmospheric residue are studied, which provides basic data for the development of oil sand asphalt hydrogen supply hydrogen viscosity reduction modification technology. The effects of reaction conditions on the properties of several kinds of modified oil were investigated respectively. According to the transportation standard of 380# fuel oil, the suitable process conditions for hydrogen supply of oil sand asphalt were selected. At the same time, the synergistic mechanism of hydrogen and hydrogen donor in hydrogen supply and viscosity reduction of oil sand asphalt was revealed. Oil sand asphalt atmospheric pressure residuum can not carry out long distance pipeline transportation because of its low viscosity and poor stability. However, the viscosity and stability of oil sand asphalt atmospheric pressure residuum can meet the requirements of pipeline transportation, and the oAPI is also improved. The optimized process conditions for hydrogen viscosity reduction and upgrading are 420oC ~ (10) min, and the viscosity of modified oil is 375.35mm / 2 / s ~ (-1) / s ~ (-1) API, which is increased by 1.5 units to 13.3 units. The hydrogen transfer index of hydrogen supplying distillate oil DA,DB was determined by chemical probe method. The results show that the hydrogen transfer capacity of DB is higher than that of DA, and the optimum blending amount of DB is 5. The results of hydrogen supply test on atmospheric residual oil of oil sand asphalt show that the viscosity reduction reaction of atmospheric pressure residuum from oil sand asphalt is more favorable to the improvement of oil sand asphalt atmospheric pressure residuum, the stability of modified oil and oAPI are also improved, and the amount of coke generation is reduced. The optimized condition of hydrogen supply for viscosity reduction and modification is 420oC ~ (2 +) for 15 min. Under this condition, the viscosity of the modified oil is 198.48mm / 2 / sg / s API up to 15.4. Finally, the synergistic effect of hydrogen and hydrogen donor in asphalt thermal upgrading of oil sand was studied. It is found that hydrogen can increase the capacity of hydrogen donor. And the addition of the two will change the distribution of products and reduce the formation of recombination fractions. Hydrogen donor is to increase the apparent activation energy of the reaction, inhibit the reaction rate, to ensure that the reaction can be carried out in a higher degree of rigor, under the premise of ensuring the quality of the product stability, and reduce the viscosity to the maximum extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE624

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張榮軍;李海軍;任月玲;;塔河油田深層稠油摻稀降黏技術(shù)[J];西安石油大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2009年03期

2 齊義彬;王大威;吳萌萌;李國強;呂鑫;馬挺;;膠質(zhì)降解和生物乳化在稠油降黏中的作用[J];石油學(xué)報;2012年04期

3 鄢宇杰;李永壽;邱小慶;;塔河油田摻稀降黏技術(shù)研究及應(yīng)用[J];石油地質(zhì)與工程;2012年06期

4 潘斌林;;草橋稠油熱-氧化降黏規(guī)律[J];承德石油高等專科學(xué)校學(xué)報;2012年04期

5 劉彩玉;劉永斌;李楓;;聚合物污水配制液的微波降黏[J];油氣田地面工程;2012年09期

6 康宏;李盛賢;吳桐;李梓木;楊光;王靖然;;應(yīng)用于微生物三次采油的細(xì)菌降黏實驗研究[J];黑龍江醫(yī)藥;2007年06期

7 梅春明;李柏林;;塔河油田摻稀降黏工藝[J];石油鉆探技術(shù);2009年01期

8 武盈;張淑榮;蔣博;張鵬;;一株微生物驅(qū)鏈球菌石油降黏的研究[J];北京化工大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2009年S1期

9 樊澤霞;王騰飛;何玉海;;離子液體對稠油的改質(zhì)降黏作用影響因素研究[J];燃料化學(xué)學(xué)報;2009年06期

10 王順華;尚慶軍;周先軍;;新型密閉熱載體循環(huán)降黏工藝參數(shù)研究[J];石油鉆采工藝;2010年06期

相關(guān)會議論文 前2條

1 王曉娥;黃遠(yuǎn);;稠油井化學(xué)降黏工藝優(yōu)化決策數(shù)學(xué)模擬[A];第九屆全國滲流力學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)討論會論文集（二）[C];2007年

2 王建軍;林凱;王新虎;申昭熙;;摻稀降黏作業(yè)中油管擠毀事故分析[A];中國力學(xué)學(xué)會學(xué)術(shù)大會'2009論文摘要集[C];2009年

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前4條

1 羅建東　通訊員　韓建棟;降黏新技術(shù)現(xiàn)場試驗首獲成功[N];中國石油報;2007年

2 特約記者 焦芳捷　焦念友;長效降黏技術(shù)高效開發(fā)稠油[N];中國化工報;2011年

3 任厚毅;勝利油田一項“863”項目通過科技部驗收[N];中國石化報;2010年

4 張明江　楊東輝;電加熱降黏工藝“熱”了稠油開發(fā)[N];中國石化報;2010年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 周瑩;油砂瀝青供氫熱裂化降黏改質(zhì)研究[D];中國石油大學(xué)(華東);2015年

2 劉進(jìn)東;油砂瀝青臨氫供氫降黏改質(zhì)研究[D];中國石油大學(xué)(華東);2015年

3 高占勝;低滲透油藏就地自生氣助排降黏技術(shù)適應(yīng)性研究[D];西安石油大學(xué);2011年

，

本文編號：2375620