【摘要】：伴隨國家經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,石油和石油產(chǎn)品在生產(chǎn)和生活中受到越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用,各種油庫、加油站數(shù)量不斷增加。原油儲罐是目前加油站的最常見的應(yīng)用方式,各種罐內(nèi)部儲存油的易爆性,很容易引發(fā)火災(zāi)爆炸。統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)顯示,不同類型的火災(zāi)中,最常見的是池火災(zāi),其危害性也最為嚴(yán)重。因此,加油站儲油罐安全性評價是特別重要的領(lǐng)域。分析事故所造成的后果是安全性評價最重要的部分,以定量描述事故的后果的嚴(yán)重性為目的,如在事故的傷害范圍內(nèi),在相應(yīng)數(shù)量的人員和財產(chǎn)的情況下,就可以計算出人員傷亡和財產(chǎn)損失的的程度。首先,使用道(DOW)化學(xué)評價法,評價加油站儲油罐的安全性,描繪其火災(zāi)和爆炸的危險水平,并計算危害半徑,暴露的面積,財產(chǎn)的最大可能損失等。然而,由于該評價方法索引值的確定相對刻板,與實際情況相去甚遠(yuǎn),導(dǎo)致方法的靈活性和的靈敏度較差。然后利用流體力學(xué)軟件FLUENT,以儲罐池火災(zāi)火焰為研究對象,模擬火焰熱輻射對周圍環(huán)境的影響,結(jié)合熱輻射破壞準(zhǔn)則,確定傷害半徑范圍內(nèi)的損壞程度。FLUENT軟件中的參數(shù)設(shè)置更加靈活,圖形顯示功能又能使研究結(jié)果更加直觀具體。綜上所述,道化學(xué)火災(zāi)、爆炸危險指數(shù)評價法,簡單易學(xué),但很容易出現(xiàn)異常評估的結(jié)果,FLUENT軟件模擬數(shù)值模擬方法在確定人員傷亡程度上更精確具體,因此,應(yīng)用道化學(xué)火災(zāi)爆炸指數(shù)評價法與FLUENT軟件數(shù)值模擬兩種方法分析加油站儲油罐事故后果具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy, petroleum and petroleum products are more and more widely used in production and life. Crude oil storage tank is the most common application way of gas station at present. Statistics show that pool fire is the most common fire in different types of fire, and its harmfulness is the most serious. Therefore, the safety evaluation of gas tank is a very important field. The analysis of the consequences of the accident is the most important part of the safety evaluation, with a view to quantitatively describing the severity of the consequences of the accident, such as within the scope of the accident's injury, in the case of a corresponding number of persons and property, The extent of casualties and property losses can be calculated. Firstly, the (DOW) chemical evaluation method is used to evaluate the safety of oil storage tank in gas station, to describe the dangerous level of fire and explosion, and to calculate the radius of hazard, the area exposed, the maximum possible loss of property, and so on. However, because the index value of the evaluation method is relatively rigid, which is far from the actual situation, the flexibility and sensitivity of the evaluation method are poor. Then using the fluid dynamics software FLUENT, to study the tank fire flame, the influence of the flame thermal radiation on the surrounding environment is simulated, and the thermal radiation failure criterion is combined. The parameter setting in FLUENT software is more flexible, and the function of graphic display can make the research results more intuitive and concrete. To sum up, the road chemical fire, explosion risk index evaluation method is simple and easy to learn, but it is easy to produce abnormal evaluation results. The numerical simulation method of FLUENT software is more accurate and specific in determining the degree of casualties. The application of road chemical fire and explosion index evaluation method and FLUENT software numerical simulation method to analyze the accident consequences of oil storage tank in gas station has a wide application prospect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE88

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