【摘要】：油田結垢已成為阻礙油田生產秩序,縮短油田壽命的一個嚴峻問題。在各種類型的垢中,硫酸鋇垢因為其結構致密且一般不溶于酸,成為最難以除去的油田垢型。在諸多阻垢除垢的措施以及方法中,將阻垢劑添加到入井流體使其進入循環(huán)體系是最為方便和經濟的方法。面對溶解度低,不溶于酸的硫酸鋇垢,研制出能夠防止在生產過程中硫酸鋇生成的阻垢劑是消除這一困擾的有力措施。 本論文采用水溶液聚合法合成了兩種針對油田中硫酸鋇垢的共聚物阻垢劑。研究了投料方式、單體配比、反應時間、引發(fā)劑加量、反應溫度對產物阻垢性能的影響,得到了最佳合成條件。在不同的濃度、溫度、阻垢時間、pH值、陽離子濃度和礦化度的條件下,考察了阻垢劑的阻垢效果變化規(guī)律。通過對硫酸鋇垢進行電鏡掃描,探究了阻垢劑對硫酸鋇的作用機理。 本論文采用順丁烯二酸酐、丙烯酸、乙酸乙烯酯為單體,以過硫酸銨為引發(fā)劑,合成了三元共聚物阻垢劑TR-1。通過實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)當單體摩爾比n(MAH):n(AA):n(VAc)為4：2：1,引發(fā)劑加量為單體總質量的5%,聚合反應時間為5小時,反應恒定溫度為80℃左右得到的產物具有最佳的阻垢性能。為進一步提升產品耐溫耐鹽等性能,加入磺酸基單體2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸對TR-1進行改性,合成了四元共聚物阻垢劑TR-2。 通過靜態(tài)阻垢實驗詳細考察了兩種阻垢劑在不同濃度,不同溫度,不同恒溫時間,不同酸堿環(huán)境,不同礦化度等體系中的阻垢效果。經過改性的TR-2表現(xiàn)出了更強的耐溫性和耐鹽性,在90℃的環(huán)境下阻垢率達到82.58%,礦化度為30000mg/L時,阻垢率達到76.40%,說明TR-2能夠在較高溫度和高礦化度的環(huán)境中使用。 使用環(huán)境掃描電鏡從微觀角度觀察阻垢劑加入前后的硫酸鋇垢,研究了合成的共聚物阻垢劑對阻硫酸鋇產生過程的作用機理,經過分析認為TR系列阻垢劑存在多種作用機理：螯合增溶作用、分散作用、靜電斥力作用和晶格畸變作用。
[Abstract]:Scaling has become a serious problem that hinders the production order and shortens the life of oil field. Barium sulfate scale is the most difficult to remove because of its compact structure and generally insoluble in acid. It is the most convenient and economical method to add the scale inhibitor to the well fluid to enter the circulation system among the measures and methods of scale inhibition and scale removal. In the face of low solubility and insoluble barium sulfate scale, a scale inhibitor which can prevent the formation of barium sulfate in production process is a powerful measure to eliminate this problem. In this paper, two kinds of copolymer scale inhibitors for barium sulfate scale in oil field were synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization. The effects of feeding mode, monomer ratio, reaction time, amount of initiator and reaction temperature on the scale inhibition of the product were studied. The optimum synthetic conditions were obtained. Under the conditions of different concentration, temperature, scale inhibition time, pH value, cationic concentration and salinity, the scale inhibition effect of scale inhibitor was investigated. The action mechanism of scale inhibitor on barium sulfate was studied by scanning electron microscope. In this paper, maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, vinyl acetate as monomer, ammonium persulfate as initiator, terpolymer scale inhibitor TR-1. was synthesized. The experimental results show that the polymerization time is 5 hours when the molar ratio of monomer is 4: 2: 1 and the amount of initiator is the total mass of monomer. The product with constant reaction temperature about 80 鈩，

本文編號：2366626