【摘要】：由于近年來中國地震頻繁發(fā)生,導(dǎo)致很多震區(qū)球形儲(chǔ)罐損壞,產(chǎn)生很多結(jié)構(gòu)缺陷。由于這些結(jié)構(gòu)缺陷屬于小變形,肉眼難以發(fā)覺,容易引起人們的麻痹大意。而球罐存儲(chǔ)的物質(zhì)一般具有易燃、易爆、劇毒、腐蝕等特性,屬于重大危險(xiǎn)源,一旦事故發(fā)生,將造成嚴(yán)重后果,開展震后含缺陷球罐-支撐體系的相關(guān)力學(xué)問題研究,對(duì)此類重要結(jié)構(gòu)的安全運(yùn)營及可靠性分析具有重要意義。本文針對(duì)上述情況,以成都地區(qū)某經(jīng)歷汶川、雅安地震后的某大型燃?xì)馇蚬逓閷?duì)象,進(jìn)行了如下研究工作：首先,對(duì)該球罐進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場模態(tài)試驗(yàn),獲得球罐的自振頻率；并依據(jù)球罐初始設(shè)計(jì)圖紙建立有限元模型,對(duì)其進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析；依據(jù)GB12337規(guī)范計(jì)算該球罐的固有頻率。并對(duì)三種方式獲得的球罐自振頻率對(duì)比分析討論,獲得了球罐的初步結(jié)構(gòu)損傷情況,并通過現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)測試獲得球罐實(shí)測固有頻率,驗(yàn)證了有限元模型的正確性。然后,國內(nèi)首次創(chuàng)新性的對(duì)震后球罐缺陷進(jìn)行精細(xì)測量,獲得球罐的支柱沉降、支柱垂直度變化及球罐中心與支柱擬合中心的偏移等缺陷數(shù)據(jù)。建立包含上述缺陷的精細(xì)有限元模型,對(duì)含缺陷球罐模型進(jìn)行力學(xué)分析,獲得震后球罐的安全性能,并與不含缺陷球罐模型進(jìn)行結(jié)果對(duì)比,討論了缺陷對(duì)球罐安全性能的影響。對(duì)球罐的缺陷進(jìn)行容限分析,找到在現(xiàn)有震級(jí)下球罐正常運(yùn)行所能接受的最大結(jié)構(gòu)變形,為球罐的安全生產(chǎn)提供一定的借鑒。最后,分別對(duì)含缺陷和不含缺陷球罐進(jìn)行反應(yīng)譜分析。大型球罐-支撐體系屬于一類特殊裝備結(jié)構(gòu),其抗震特性具有較高要求。介紹了單自由度反應(yīng)譜分析方法的一般思想,給出了三維反應(yīng)譜的基本理論,采用通用商業(yè)程序?qū)Υ笮颓蚬?支撐體系進(jìn)行抗震性能分析,獲得了球罐-支撐體系的地震反應(yīng)譜響應(yīng),并討論了缺陷對(duì)球罐-支撐體系的抗震性能影響。
[Abstract]:Due to frequent earthquakes in China in recent years, many spherical storage tanks have been damaged and many structural defects have been caused. Because these structural defects belong to small deformation, it is difficult for the naked eye to detect them. However, the materials stored in spherical tanks are generally flammable, explosive, highly toxic, corrosive and so on. Once an accident occurs, it will cause serious consequences. The mechanical problems related to the spherical tank-bracing system containing defects after the earthquake will be studied. It is of great significance for the safety operation and reliability analysis of such important structures. In this paper, a large gas spherical tank after Wenchuan and Ya'an earthquake in Chengdu area was studied as follows: firstly, the field modal test was carried out to obtain the natural frequency of the spherical tank; The finite element model is established according to the initial design drawing of the spherical tank, and the modal analysis is carried out, and the natural frequency of the spherical tank is calculated according to the GB12337 code. By comparing and analyzing the natural vibration frequencies of the spherical tanks obtained by three methods, the initial structural damage of the spherical tanks is obtained, and the measured natural frequencies of the spherical tanks are obtained by field test, which verifies the correctness of the finite element model. Then, for the first time, the defect data of spherical tank are obtained, such as the settlement of spherical tank, the change of perpendicularity and the deviation between the center of spherical tank and the fitting center of the spherical tank. The fine finite element model including the above defects is established, and the mechanical analysis of the spherical tank model with defects is carried out, and the safety performance of spherical tank after earthquake is obtained. The results are compared with those of the spherical tank model without defect, and the influence of defects on the safety performance of spherical tank is discussed. By analyzing the defects of spherical tank, the maximum structural deformation of spherical tank can be found under the existing earthquake magnitude, which can provide some reference for the safe production of spherical tank. Finally, the reaction spectra of spherical tanks with and without defects were analyzed. Large spherical tank-bracing system belongs to a class of special equipment structure, its seismic characteristics have higher requirements. The general idea of single degree of freedom response spectrum analysis method is introduced, and the basic theory of three-dimensional response spectrum is given. The seismic performance of large spherical tank braced system is analyzed by general commercial program. The seismic response spectrum of spherical tank-braced system is obtained, and the effect of defects on seismic performance of spherical tank-braced system is discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE972

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本文編號(hào)：2364529