【摘要】：致密油藏具有低孔、特低滲、孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,存在啟動壓力梯度的特點,使得其開采難度較大,但隨著中高孔滲為代表的優(yōu)質(zhì)儲集層在油氣資源中所占比例逐漸減少,油氣勘探開發(fā)的重心由常規(guī)油氣資源逐步轉(zhuǎn)向致密油氣藏等非常規(guī)油氣資源。分段多簇壓裂工藝是開發(fā)致密儲層的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),在我國長慶油田延長組致密油藏開發(fā)中取得較好的開發(fā)效果。理論研究與礦場實踐表明,分段多簇壓裂工藝能夠形成復(fù)雜的地下縫網(wǎng)系統(tǒng),獲得更高的儲層有效改造體積,有效改善儲層滲流能力,實現(xiàn)油氣增產(chǎn)的目的。目前對于分段多簇壓裂水平井的理論研究較少,尤其是對其壓力動態(tài)變化以及各個地層參數(shù)、裂縫參數(shù)對水平井產(chǎn)能的影響。本文在對分段多簇壓裂水平井的主要流動階段劃分基礎(chǔ)上,研究分段多簇壓裂水平井的滲流模式,構(gòu)建相應(yīng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并用有限元方法進行了求解,系統(tǒng)研究了各參數(shù)對水平井壓力動態(tài)變化的影響。結(jié)合國內(nèi)外致密油藏的開發(fā)經(jīng)驗,運用數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)深入研究分段多簇壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能變化規(guī)律,分析不同的裂縫半長、裂縫導(dǎo)流能力、裂縫密度、裂縫形態(tài)等參數(shù)對產(chǎn)能的影響,提出了合理的參數(shù)范圍。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對分段多簇壓裂水平井的聯(lián)合注采井網(wǎng)的樣式、井排距離以及與裂縫形態(tài)的匹配程度進行了優(yōu)化研究,研究結(jié)果為致密油藏的高效開發(fā)提供了理論指導(dǎo)和決策依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The tight reservoir has the characteristics of low porosity, low permeability, complex pore structure and the characteristic of starting pressure gradient, which makes its exploitation difficult, but the proportion of high quality reservoir represented by medium and high porosity in oil and gas resources decreases gradually. The center of gravity of oil and gas exploration and development has gradually shifted from conventional oil and gas resources to unconventional oil and gas resources such as tight oil and gas reservoirs. Piecewise and multi-cluster fracturing technology is the key technology to develop dense reservoir, and good development effect has been obtained in the development of dense reservoir in Yanchang formation of Changqing Oilfield in China. Theoretical research and field practice show that segmented multi-cluster fracturing technology can form a complex underground fracture network system, obtain higher effective reservoir volume, effectively improve reservoir percolation capacity, and achieve the purpose of increasing oil and gas production. At present, there are few theoretical studies on segmented multi-cluster fracturing horizontal wells, especially on the pressure dynamic changes and the effects of fracture parameters on productivity of horizontal wells. On the basis of dividing the main flow stages of segmented multi-cluster fracturing horizontal wells, the percolation model of segmented multi-cluster fracturing horizontal wells is studied in this paper, and the corresponding mathematical model is constructed and solved by finite element method. The influence of various parameters on the pressure performance of horizontal well is studied systematically. Combined with the development experience of dense reservoirs at home and abroad, the productivity change law of horizontal wells with segmented multi-cluster fracturing is studied by numerical simulation technology, and different fracture half-length, fracture conductivity and fracture density are analyzed. The influence of fracture shape and other parameters on productivity is proposed, and a reasonable range of parameters is proposed. On this basis, the pattern of combined injection-production well pattern, well row distance and matching degree with fracture form of multi-cluster fracturing horizontal wells are optimized. The results provide theoretical guidance and decision-making basis for high-efficiency development of dense reservoirs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357;TE328

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