【摘要】：延長氣田氣井屬于典型低滲透儲層,具有“低孔、低滲、低壓、低豐度、低產(chǎn)”的特點。從目前形勢看,延長氣井生產(chǎn)開發(fā)仍有很大的發(fā)展空間,但對于開發(fā)技術的依賴度在迅速增加。針對延長氣田氣井目前壓裂液存在的問題,結合延長氣田氣井儲層基本地質特征開發(fā)研究了新型清潔壓裂液體系。對延長氣田巖心的孔隙度、滲透率和巖心組成成分進行了分析。分析結果表明,延長氣田已開發(fā)的儲層屬于“低孔、低滲、致密性砂巖”氣藏,其巖心主要由石英、方解石、綠泥石及高嶺石組成。根據(jù)延長氣田的地質儲層特點及清潔壓裂液作用機理,以1,4-二溴丁烷(1,6-二溴己烷)和十八叔胺為原料,合成了適用于延長氣田壓裂開發(fā)的N,N′-雙(十八烷基二甲基)-1,4-二溴化己二銨鹽(C18-4-C18·2Br-)和N,N′-雙(十八烷基二甲基)-1,6-二溴化己二銨鹽(C18-6-C18·2Br-)兩種雙子表面活性劑,產(chǎn)物經(jīng)過紅外光譜(IR)、核磁共振氫譜(1H NMR)和元素分析等進行了確證,結果表明合成產(chǎn)物即為目標設計分子。以十八烷基三甲基氯化銨(1831)、C18-4-C18·2Br-、C18-6-C18·2Br-和LQ-1超分子表面活性劑為主劑,通過系統(tǒng)實驗篩選了1831、雙子表面活性劑及LQ超分子表面活性劑清潔壓裂液配方體系。參照SY/T 5107-2005《水基壓裂液性能評價方法》和SY/T6376-2008《壓裂液通用技術條件》對1831清潔壓裂液體系、雙子表面活性劑壓裂液體系和超分子表面活性劑壓裂液體系進行綜合性能評價。通過黏溫曲線可知1831清潔壓裂液體系不適于中高溫(80℃~120℃)清潔壓裂液體系,而雙子表面活性劑和超分子表面活性劑清潔壓裂液體系具有較好的耐溫性能,適于110℃下的壓裂改造作業(yè)。并對雙子表面活性劑和超分子表面活性劑清潔壓裂液體系的黏溫性能、流變性能、抗剪切性能、懸砂性能及破膠性能進行了綜合評價。實驗結果表明雙子表面活性劑和超分子表面活性劑清潔壓裂液體系的各項性能指標均符合SY/T 6376-2008《壓裂液通用技術條件》中的要求。巖心傷害實驗結果表明這兩種清潔壓裂液體系對延長氣田的儲層傷害較小,適合延長氣田的壓裂改造作業(yè)。根據(jù)延340S井山23層試氣地質方案編寫壓裂施工設計,選取LQ超分子表面活性劑清潔壓裂液體系進行現(xiàn)場試驗,現(xiàn)場試驗結果表明:LQ清潔壓裂液體系現(xiàn)場施工順利,性能達到設計要求。
[Abstract]:Yanchang gas well is a typical low permeability reservoir with the characteristics of low porosity, low permeability, low pressure, low abundance and low production. According to the present situation, there is still a lot of room for development in extending the production and development of gas wells, but the dependence on development technology is increasing rapidly. In view of the problems existing in the gas well fracturing fluid in Yanchang gas field, a new type of clean fracturing fluid system is studied in combination with the basic geological characteristics of the gas well reservoir in Yanchang gas field. The porosity, permeability and core composition of Yanchang gas field core are analyzed. The results show that the developed reservoirs in Yanchang gas field belong to "low porosity, low permeability and tight sandstone" gas reservoirs, the core of which is mainly composed of quartz, calcite, chlorite and kaolinite. According to the geological reservoir characteristics of Yanchang gas field and the action mechanism of clean fracturing fluid, Ns suitable for fracturing development in Yanchang gas field was synthesized by using 1n 4-dibromobutane and octadecylamine as raw materials. N- bis (octadecyl dimethyl) -1n 4- dibromohexylammonium bromide (C18-4-C18 _ 2Br-) and N, Two kinds of Gemini surfactants, C18-6-C18 _ 2Br-, were confirmed by IR, (IR), 1H NMR and elemental analysis, respectively, in which two kinds of Gemini surfactants, Nb-bis (octadecyl dimethyl) -1-dibromohexylammonium salt (C18-6-C18 _ 2Br-), were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR and elemental analysis. The results show that the synthesized product is the target molecule. Using octadecyl trimethylammonium chloride (1831), C18-4-C18 2Br-C18-C182Br- and LQ-1 supramolecular surfactants as main agents, 1831. Gemini surfactant and LQ supramolecular surfactant clean fracturing fluid formulation system. According to SY/T 5107-2005 "method of performance Evaluation of Water Base fracturing fluid" and SY/T6376-2008 "General Technical condition of fracturing fluid", 1831 clean fracturing fluid system was studied. The comprehensive properties of Gemini surfactant fracturing fluid system and supramolecular surfactant fracturing fluid system were evaluated. The viscosity curve shows that 1831 clean fracturing fluid system is not suitable for medium and high temperature (80 鈩，

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