【摘要】：本論文是在國家油氣重大專項(xiàng)(2011ZX05062-004)和國家自然科學(xué)基金(51174224)的資助下完成的。煤層氣井的連續(xù)、穩(wěn)定排采是維持其高產(chǎn)、穩(wěn)產(chǎn)的關(guān)鍵,排采設(shè)備的故障和不適應(yīng)性是影響連續(xù)排采的重要因素。本文通過對(duì)常見排采設(shè)備故障引起的典型的特征分析,建立特征的檢測(cè)方法,通過聚類對(duì)比,對(duì)排采設(shè)備的故障進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè),以便對(duì)設(shè)備預(yù)測(cè)管理和維護(hù),減少煤層氣井的檢泵、修泵次數(shù),達(dá)到延長排采設(shè)備無故障運(yùn)行周期,提高煤層氣井產(chǎn)能的目的。本文主要三抽排采系統(tǒng)和螺桿泵系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行研究。首先,本文分析研究了煤層氣排采工藝對(duì)設(shè)備的要求,常用排采設(shè)備的故障診斷發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,常見故障的特征和典型特征的提出方法,給出了煤層氣井排采對(duì)排采設(shè)備的要求與油田排采的不同與特點(diǎn),總結(jié)出其差異性,主要有:排采方式、排采產(chǎn)物等,為煤層氣排采設(shè)備的故障診斷打下理論基礎(chǔ)。接著,對(duì)三抽排采設(shè)備進(jìn)行了運(yùn)動(dòng)、動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,得出其懸點(diǎn)速度、加速度和受力特征,分析了減速箱力矩、電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)電流與懸點(diǎn)示功圖的關(guān)系,建立了懸點(diǎn)示功圖與井下設(shè)備主要故障的特征圖集和地面設(shè)備常見故障圖集,總結(jié)其故障對(duì)應(yīng)的示功圖特征,探索了故障特征值的提取方法,建立了煤層氣三抽設(shè)備常見故障診斷的基本理論與方法。再次,本文還建立了螺桿泵的力學(xué)模型,得出去扭矩曲線圖和軸向力曲線圖,總結(jié)煤層氣排采螺桿泵的常見故障,建立螺桿泵的故障集,找出螺桿泵故障對(duì)應(yīng)的扭矩與軸向力的變化規(guī)律,對(duì)比正常工作時(shí)的扭矩和軸向力曲線圖,建立了煤層氣排采螺桿泵常見故障的診斷的方法。最后,利用VB開發(fā)了煤層氣常用排采設(shè)備故障診斷軟件,集三抽排采設(shè)備的力學(xué)模型分析及故障診斷和螺桿泵系統(tǒng)的力學(xué)模型分析及故障診斷為一體,從而可以預(yù)測(cè)性的對(duì)煤層氣常用排采設(shè)備的故障,減少煤層氣井因排采設(shè)備故障造成的停井,延長煤層氣井無故障運(yùn)行時(shí)間,提高煤層氣開發(fā)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:This thesis is supported by the National Oil and Gas Project (2011ZX05062-004) and the National Natural Science Foundation (51174224). The key to maintain the high and stable production of coalbed gas wells is to keep the continuous and stable production. The failure and inadaptability of the drainage equipment are the important factors that affect the continuous production. Based on the analysis of typical features caused by common outage equipment faults, the method of feature detection is established. Through clustering comparison, the fault of drainage equipment is predicted, in order to manage and maintain the equipment prediction and reduce the checking pump of coalbed gas well. The pump repair times can prolong the operation period of drainage equipment and improve the production capacity of coalbed gas wells. This paper mainly studies the three-pump drainage system and screw pump system. First of all, this paper analyzes and studies the equipment requirements of coal bed methane extraction process, the current situation of fault diagnosis of common mining equipment, the characteristics of common faults and the methods of proposing typical characteristics. In this paper, the difference and characteristics of coal bed methane well drainage equipment and oilfield drainage equipment are given, and the differences are summarized. The main differences are as follows: the way of discharging production, the product of discharge, and so on, which lays a theoretical foundation for fault diagnosis of coal-bed methane drainage equipment. Then, the kinematic and dynamic analysis of the three-pumping and draining equipment is carried out, and the characteristics of the suspension velocity, acceleration and force are obtained, and the relationship between the torque of the reducer, the driving current of the motor and the dynamometer diagram of the suspension point is analyzed. In this paper, the characteristic atlas of hanging point indicator diagram, main faults of underground equipment and common fault map of ground equipment are established, and the corresponding features of indicator diagram of fault are summarized, and the method of extracting fault eigenvalue is explored. The basic theory and method of common fault diagnosis for coal bed methane (CBM) pumping equipment are established. Thirdly, the mechanical model of screw pump is established, and the torque curve and axial force curve are obtained, the common faults of screw pump are summarized, and the fault set of screw pump is established. This paper finds out the variation law of torque and axial force corresponding to screw pump fault, compares the curve of torque and axial force in normal operation, and establishes the method of diagnosing common faults of coal bed methane drainage screw pump. Finally, the fault diagnosis software of coal bed methane extraction equipment is developed by using VB, which integrates the mechanical model analysis and fault diagnosis of three extraction and drainage equipment and the mechanical model analysis and fault diagnosis of screw pump system. Thus, the failure of common production equipment for CBM can be predicted, the stopping of CBM wells due to the failure of production equipment can be reduced, the operation time of CBM wells without fault can be prolonged, and the economic benefit of CBM development can be improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE93

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本文編號(hào)：2350770