發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-22 14:28

【摘要】：油田采出水是采油生產(chǎn)過程中的有害衍生物之一,隨著國(guó)內(nèi)大部分油氣田開采進(jìn)入注水驅(qū)油階段,其注水水源緊張和采出水難處理一直困擾著諸多油田單位。將油井采出水就地處理后直接回注似乎是兩全其美的方法,但采出水的處理要求與現(xiàn)今的處理技術(shù)和處理手段不匹配是油田單位甚至整個(gè)石油行業(yè)遇到的一大難題。本文就這一問題,以某油田采出水處理為依托,對(duì)采出水處理進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的分析和研究,設(shè)計(jì)了針對(duì)該油田采出水的污水處理裝置。并以此為背景,以混凝攪拌試驗(yàn)和攪拌數(shù)值仿真為載體進(jìn)行了混凝攪拌研究,對(duì)比分析了方形容器和圓形容器對(duì)混凝效果的影響。全文主要內(nèi)容有： (1)結(jié)合該油田采出水分布狀況并對(duì)廟2集水池水質(zhì)進(jìn)行分析,設(shè)計(jì)了隔油沉降——酸堿中和——混凝反應(yīng)——氧化反應(yīng)——物理沉降——板框過濾——多介質(zhì)過濾——紫外線殺菌——精細(xì)過濾的工藝流程,并提出現(xiàn)場(chǎng)建造隔油沉降池、混凝沉降池與移動(dòng)式撬裝化處理裝置相組合的水處理構(gòu)建方式； (2)通過正交混凝攪拌試驗(yàn)分析了混凝工況對(duì)混凝效果影響的主次順序?yàn)榭鞌嚂r(shí)間快攪速度慢攪時(shí)間慢攪速度。 (3)比較了相同條件下,方形容器和圓形容器對(duì)混凝攪拌效果的影響,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明方形容器的混凝攪拌效果要優(yōu)于圓形容器的混凝攪拌效果；數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果也顯示,方形容器的速度場(chǎng)、紊動(dòng)能場(chǎng)和有效能耗場(chǎng)分布均要更均衡,這種更加均衡的分布特征使混凝攪拌中紊流渦旋尺度范圍更廣、渦旋分布更均衡,由此使得方形容器混凝效果要更為優(yōu)異； (4)根據(jù)處理要求,對(duì)混凝沉降池進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),并提出了紊動(dòng)射流的加藥方式,增大了快攪混凝池的紊動(dòng)程度,可提高混凝效果； (5)對(duì)各處理設(shè)備進(jìn)行了計(jì)算選型和一體化撬裝設(shè)計(jì),并在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)調(diào)試,調(diào)試結(jié)果表明各處理設(shè)備工作正常,能夠達(dá)到預(yù)期處理要求。
[Abstract]:Oilfield produced water is one of the harmful derivatives in the process of oil production. With the development of most oil and gas fields in China entering the stage of water flooding, the shortage of water source and the difficult treatment of produced water have been puzzling many oil field units. It seems that it is better for both sides to treat the produced water from oil wells on the spot, but the treatment requirement of the produced water does not match with the current treatment technology and treatment means, which is a big problem encountered by the oil field units or even the whole petroleum industry. In this paper, based on the treatment of produced water in an oilfield, the treatment of produced water is systematically analyzed and studied, and the sewage treatment device for the produced water of the oilfield is designed. Based on this background, coagulation agitation experiments and numerical simulation were carried out, and the effects of square container and circular container on coagulation effect were compared and analyzed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) combined with the distribution of produced water in the oilfield, the water quality of Miao No. 2 water pool is analyzed. The process flow of oil separation sedimentation, acid-base neutralization, coagulation reaction, oxidation reaction, physical sedimentation, plate and frame filtration, multi-medium filtration, ultraviolet sterilization and fine filtration was designed, and the construction of oil separation settling tank was put forward. The combination of coagulation settling tank and mobile prying treatment device; (2) the influence of coagulation condition on coagulation effect was analyzed by orthogonal coagulation agitation test. The primary and secondary order of coagulation effect was fast stirring time, fast stirring speed, slow stirring time and slow stirring speed. (3) the effects of square container and circular container on coagulation agitation were compared. The results showed that the effect of square container was better than that of round container. The numerical simulation results also show that the velocity field, turbulent energy field and effective energy consumption field of the square vessel should be more evenly distributed, which makes the turbulent vortex scale range wider and the vortex distribution more balanced in the coagulation agitation. As a result, the coagulation effect of the square container is better. (4) according to the requirement of treatment, the structure of coagulation settling tank is designed, and the method of adding turbulent jet is put forward, which can increase the turbulent degree of agitating tank and improve the coagulation effect. (5) calculation selection and integral prying design of each processing equipment are carried out, and the system is debugged in the field. The debugging results show that the processing equipment works normally and can meet the expected processing requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE934.1

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