【摘要】：隨著人們對油氣資源需求量的逐漸增多,勘探開發(fā)目標(biāo)已向深部地層快速發(fā)展,深井／超深井鉆井?dāng)?shù)量逐年飆升。然而,在深井／超深井鉆井過程中井下復(fù)雜事故多發(fā)頻發(fā),尤其在深部地層中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)鉆井液性能失控、井漏、漏噴同層和氣侵等情況。據(jù)有關(guān)研究表明,井底壓力計(jì)算或預(yù)測不準(zhǔn)確是導(dǎo)致上述井下復(fù)雜事故的主要原因。為此,本文基于井筒溫度場和壓力場,以考慮溫度壓力影響的鉆井液流變性和密度實(shí)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ),推導(dǎo)出了考慮溫度壓力影響的井底壓力計(jì)算模型。本文主要開展了以下研究工作： (1)根據(jù)熱力學(xué)定理和能量守恒原理,推導(dǎo)出了鉆井液循環(huán)期間鉆柱內(nèi)和環(huán)空溫度場模型,并編寫了相關(guān)計(jì)算程序。結(jié)合川西地區(qū)某區(qū)塊A井鉆井施工參數(shù),計(jì)算得出了鉆柱內(nèi)和環(huán)空鉆井液溫度隨井深的分布規(guī)律。 (2)針對聚磺水基鉆井液體系開展了考慮溫度壓力影響的鉆井液流變性實(shí)驗(yàn),采用回歸分析法得出該鉆井液體系符合赫-巴流變模式。應(yīng)用多元非線性回歸方法得出了溫度壓力影響下的鉆井液流變參數(shù)模型,為環(huán)空循環(huán)壓耗準(zhǔn)確計(jì)算提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。 (3)根據(jù)赫-巴流體同心環(huán)空層流波動(dòng)壓力理論,建立了赫-巴流體同心環(huán)空層流循環(huán)壓耗新模型,并編寫了相關(guān)計(jì)算程序。通過實(shí)例計(jì)算,得到了考慮溫度壓力影響的環(huán)空循環(huán)壓降是隨井深增加而減小的動(dòng)態(tài)變化規(guī)律。 (4)基于環(huán)空循環(huán)壓耗新模型,對鉆井液流變性、泵排量、環(huán)空內(nèi)外徑比率和鉆進(jìn)速度進(jìn)行了環(huán)空循環(huán)壓耗單因素影響分析,結(jié)果顯示鉆井液流變性、泵排量和環(huán)空內(nèi)外徑比率會(huì)對循環(huán)壓耗產(chǎn)生明顯影響,而鉆進(jìn)速度對循環(huán)壓耗幾乎無影響。 (5)根據(jù)溫度壓力影響下的鉆井液密度實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,采用多元非線性回歸方法得出了溫度壓力影響下的鉆井液密度預(yù)測新模型。結(jié)合研究成果,采用C語言編寫了考慮溫度壓力影響的井底壓力計(jì)算機(jī)程序。 通過本文的研究,形成了一套考慮溫度壓力影響的深井／超深井井底壓力計(jì)算方法,為安全、快速、高效和經(jīng)濟(jì)鉆井創(chuàng)造了條件,這對深部油氣資源勘探開發(fā)具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for oil and gas resources, the target of exploration and development has developed rapidly into deep formation, and the drilling quantity of deep well / ultra deep well has soared year by year. However, during deep / ultra-deep well drilling, complex downhole accidents occur frequently, especially in deep formation where the drilling fluid performance is out of control, well leakage, leakage layer and gas invasion occur. According to relevant studies, the inaccuracy of bottom hole pressure calculation or prediction is the main cause of these complex downhole accidents. Therefore, based on the wellbore temperature field and pressure field, based on the rheological and density experiments of drilling fluid considering the influence of temperature and pressure, a calculation model of bottom hole pressure considering the influence of temperature and pressure is derived. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) according to the thermodynamic theorem and the principle of energy conservation, the temperature field model of drilling string and annulus during drilling fluid cycle is derived, and the relevant calculation program is compiled. Based on the drilling parameters of well A in a certain block in western Sichuan, the distribution of drilling fluid temperature with well depth in drill string and annulus is calculated. (2) experiments on rheological properties of polysulfonated water-based drilling fluid system were carried out considering the effect of temperature and pressure. Regression analysis method was used to obtain that the drilling fluid system was in accordance with Herba rheological model. The rheological parameter model of drilling fluid under the influence of temperature and pressure is obtained by using multivariate nonlinear regression method, which provides a theoretical basis for accurate calculation of circulation pressure consumption in annulus. (3) based on the theory of wave pressure in the concentric annulus of Herba fluid, a new pressure consumption model of the annular laminar flow in the concentric annulus of Herba fluid is established, and a related calculation program is compiled. Through practical calculation, the cyclic pressure drop considering the influence of temperature and pressure is found to be a dynamic variation law that decreases with the increase of well depth. (4) based on the new annular circulation pressure consumption model, the single factor influence analysis of drilling fluid rheology, pump displacement, annulus internal diameter ratio and drilling speed is carried out. The results show that the rheology of drilling fluid is different. The pump displacement and the ratio of inner and outer diameter of the annulus have obvious influence on the circulating pressure consumption, while the drilling speed has little effect on the circulation pressure consumption. (5) according to the experimental results of drilling fluid density under the influence of temperature and pressure, a new model of drilling fluid density prediction under the influence of temperature and pressure is obtained by using multivariate nonlinear regression method. Combined with the research results, the computer program of bottom hole pressure considering the influence of temperature and pressure is compiled by C language. Through the research in this paper, a set of deep / ultra-deep well bottom pressure calculation method considering the influence of temperature and pressure is developed, which creates conditions for safe, fast, efficient and economical drilling. This is of great significance to the exploration and development of deep oil and gas resources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE21

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