發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-21 14:44

【摘要】：閉合酸壓技術(shù)作為已有裂縫和酸壓人工裂縫二次改造的有效手段,廣泛地應(yīng)用于國內(nèi)外碳酸鹽巖儲層的增產(chǎn)改造,是一項(xiàng)值得深入研究和推廣的重要技術(shù)。目前,閉合酸壓室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)研究已經(jīng)比較成熟,并且在現(xiàn)場施工中得到了很好的應(yīng)用和發(fā)展,為國內(nèi)外許多油田的增產(chǎn)提供了有效地技術(shù)支持。但是,對閉合酸壓施工參數(shù)優(yōu)化的模擬研究尚存不足,閉合段長度、注酸排量、酸液用量等施工參數(shù)的確定絕大多數(shù)依靠作業(yè)人員的現(xiàn)場經(jīng)驗(yàn),沒有形成一套完整科學(xué)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法。 本文通過室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)M和數(shù)值模擬,重點(diǎn)從裂縫寬度變化、酸蝕裂縫導(dǎo)流能力、裂縫閉合模擬及閉合酸壓效果幾方面進(jìn)行了膠凝酸閉合酸壓工藝模擬研究,形成了一套優(yōu)化閉合酸壓技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)的方法。 (1)采用三維激光掃描、超聲波掃描、能譜分析與酸刻蝕實(shí)驗(yàn)和導(dǎo)流能力測試相結(jié)合的分析手段,測試了膠凝酸酸巖反應(yīng)能力、酸蝕裂縫閉合酸化前后導(dǎo)流能力。從實(shí)驗(yàn)方面,驗(yàn)證了閉合酸壓對近井閉合段的改造效果,尤其對酸化前導(dǎo)流能力較低的情況的改造效果更加顯著； (2)推導(dǎo)了Palmer擬三維裂縫擴(kuò)展數(shù)學(xué)模型和酸液流動反應(yīng)模型,通過求解數(shù)值模型得到酸壓裂縫寬度的二維分布情況； (3)建立了酸壓裂縫閉合模型,對酸壓后裂縫寬度在不同閉合應(yīng)力作用下的閉合特征進(jìn)行模擬,計(jì)算出裂縫寬度最終分布,并通過酸液濃度分布和導(dǎo)流能力變化情況確定了閉合段長度； (4)通過裂縫酸化模型對比分析閉合酸化前后裂縫刻蝕形態(tài)變化,分析閉合酸蝕裂縫導(dǎo)流能力的影響因素,確定了閉合酸化注酸排量、酸液用量和注入時(shí)間： (5)通過室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬方法系統(tǒng)地計(jì)算了不同施工排量、酸液用量等施工參數(shù)條件下形成的裂縫寬度和導(dǎo)流能力。根據(jù)合理的生產(chǎn)要求篩選出最優(yōu)的閉合酸壓施工設(shè)計(jì)方案,形成了一套優(yōu)化閉合酸壓施工參數(shù)的模擬方法。
[Abstract]:As an effective means of secondary reconstruction of existing fractures and artificial fractures, the closed acid fracturing technology is widely used in the stimulation and transformation of carbonate reservoirs at home and abroad, which is an important technology worthy of further study and popularization. At present, the laboratory test of closed acid pressure has been mature, and has been well applied and developed in field construction, which provides effective technical support for increasing production of many oil fields at home and abroad. However, the simulation study on the optimization of the construction parameters of closed acid compression is still insufficient. The determination of the construction parameters such as the length of the closed section, the amount of acid injected and the amount of acid solution are mostly determined by the field experience of the operators. There is not a complete set of scientific optimization design method. In this paper, through laboratory simulation and numerical simulation, the cementitious acid closed acid fracturing process is simulated from the aspects of crack width change, acid corrosion crack conductivity, crack closure simulation and closing acid compression effect. A set of methods for optimizing the design of closed acid compression technique was developed. The main contents are as follows: (1) by means of three-dimensional laser scanning, ultrasonic scanning, energy spectrum analysis, acid etching experiment and flow conductivity test, the reaction ability of gelling acid rock and the conductivity of acid corrosion crack before and after closed acidification are tested. From the experimental aspect, the effect of the closed acid pressure on the close section of the well is verified, especially for the condition of low conductivity before acidizing. (2) the Palmer pseudo-3D fracture propagation mathematical model and the acid flow reaction model are derived, and the two-dimensional distribution of the acid-compression crack width is obtained by solving the numerical model. (3) an acid-compression fracture closure model is established, and the final distribution of fracture width is calculated by simulating the closure characteristics of acid-compression crack width under different closing stresses. The length of the closed section was determined by the acid concentration distribution and the change of the conductivity. (4) through the comparison of fracture acidification model before and after closed acidizing, the change of fracture etch morphology is analyzed, and the factors influencing the conductivity of closed acid etching fracture are analyzed, and the acid injection capacity of closed acidizing is determined. Acid dosage and injection time: (5) through laboratory experiments and numerical simulation methods, the crack width and conductivity were calculated systematically under the conditions of different construction parameters such as construction displacement and acid content. According to the reasonable production requirements, the optimal design scheme of closed acid-compression construction is selected, and a set of simulation method for optimizing the construction parameters of closed acid-compression construction is formed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.2

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