發(fā)布時間：2018-11-21 08:11

【摘要】：埋地輸油管道一旦發(fā)生泄漏,一方面會造成土壤污染,另一方面當(dāng)原油泄漏量過多時會上滲到地面形成油池,進(jìn)而引發(fā)池火災(zāi),對人員、環(huán)境、設(shè)備均會造成危害。為了研究埋地輸油管道泄漏事故的后果,為事故救援及處理提供參考,提出了一種針對此類事故的土壤污染、池火災(zāi)后果定量分析方法。方法以Fluent軟件為工具模擬原油被點(diǎn)燃前的泄漏擴(kuò)散情況,分析原油在土壤及地面上的擴(kuò)散規(guī)律及范圍,并結(jié)合危害模型得到池火災(zāi)造成的熱輻射危害范圍。利用該方法對不同管道壓力和泄漏孔徑的6種工況下的事故進(jìn)行了分析,結(jié)果表明,原油管道泄漏時的壓力及泄漏孔徑對原油擴(kuò)散速度影響較大,進(jìn)而影響避免事故的難易程度。
[Abstract]:Once the buried oil pipeline leaks, it will cause soil pollution on the one hand, on the other hand, it will seep to the ground to form an oil pool when the amount of oil leak is excessive, and then cause pool fire, which will cause harm to personnel, environment and equipment. In order to study the consequences of buried oil pipeline leakage and provide reference for accident rescue and treatment, a quantitative analysis method for soil pollution and pool fire consequences of such accidents is proposed. Methods using Fluent software as a tool to simulate the leakage and diffusion of crude oil before ignition, the diffusion law and range of crude oil in soil and on the ground were analyzed, and the damage range of thermal radiation caused by pool fire was obtained by combining the hazard model. This method is used to analyze the accidents under six working conditions of different pipeline pressure and leak aperture. The results show that the pressure and leak aperture have great influence on the diffusion velocity of crude oil. In turn, it affects the degree of difficulty in avoiding accidents.
【作者單位】： 中國石油大學(xué)(北京)機(jī)械與儲運(yùn)工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51005247)
【分類號】：TE88

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