【摘要】：近年來,隨著石油化學工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,石油以及基礎化學原料的產(chǎn)量及消費量增長很快。作為石油化工企業(yè),產(chǎn)品的進出廠與銷售方式多種多樣,各企業(yè)主要有管道運輸、船舶運輸、火車運輸和汽車運輸?shù)冗@幾種傳統(tǒng)的儲運方式。為了克服人工操作和管理帶來的弊病,減少環(huán)境污染,提高儲運管理作業(yè)效率和石油化工企業(yè)的整體效益以適應經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的需求,需要自動化程度高、安全可靠性好、便于操作維護的自動進出料的集散控制和管理系統(tǒng)。 本文針對某石油化工企業(yè)油港碼頭的特點和石化原料的定量裝車、卸車要求,設計了一套符合該項目的SCADA控制系統(tǒng)。從現(xiàn)場控制設備的選型設計、下位機的控制編程和上位機的開發(fā)組態(tài)三方面實現(xiàn)裝卸車遠程聯(lián)鎖控制,并提供友好直觀的人機界面進行現(xiàn)場的狀態(tài)和數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)控。本論文主要研究內容如下： (1)針對項目要求,本文設計并選用德國E+H公司批量控制儀作為現(xiàn)場定量裝車控制系統(tǒng),并選取適當?shù)倪^程參數(shù)測量和報警儀表,包括質量流量計、溢油靜電保護器、可燃氣體報警器、溫度儀表、壓力儀表等,滿足系統(tǒng)裝車精度要求,此外還設計選型用于裝卸車業(yè)務遠程下載的IC卡讀卡器。所選取的設備均符合防爆統(tǒng)一認證,并滿足項目中現(xiàn)場總線通訊要求。 (2)針對系統(tǒng)的控制要求,本文選用美國Rockwell公司的ControlLogix平臺PLC作為下位機控制設備,通過RSLogix5000編程軟件,使用結構文本和梯形圖語言實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的過程設備及卸車業(yè)務控制功能,功能包括：閥門開關控制、泵的啟停、PID變頻控制、壓縮機啟�？刂�、自動卸車控制系統(tǒng)、批量控制儀冗余信號2選1控制、過程參數(shù)模擬量監(jiān)控等。 (3)本文以iFIX組態(tài)軟件作為上位機監(jiān)控平臺,設計開發(fā)系統(tǒng)的人機操作界面,用于遠程處理裝卸車業(yè)務。根據(jù)項目要求,實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)場裝車、卸車8個不同工藝流程段的控制界面和多鶴位、單鶴位業(yè)務實時處理界面,并提供歷史數(shù)據(jù)查詢、報警顯示等功能。 (4)針對系統(tǒng)的通訊問題,本文采用工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)和Modbus現(xiàn)場總線協(xié)議實現(xiàn)SCADA系統(tǒng)從管理層、控制層到現(xiàn)場層的信息交互。其中,為解決監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)和PLC的數(shù)據(jù)通訊問題,本文采用開放、成熟的OPC技術,將監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)作為OPC客戶端訪問控制器提供的OPC服務器中的數(shù)據(jù),從而實現(xiàn)整個SCADA系統(tǒng)的管控一體化。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of petrochemical industry, the production and consumption of petroleum and basic chemical raw materials increase rapidly. As a petrochemical enterprise, there are a variety of products in and out of the factory and sales methods, the main enterprises are pipeline transport, ship transport, train transport and automobile transportation and other traditional storage and transportation methods. In order to overcome the disadvantages caused by manual operation and management, reduce environmental pollution, improve the efficiency of storage and transportation management and the overall benefit of petrochemical enterprises to meet the needs of economic development, it is necessary to have a high degree of automation and good safety and reliability. Easy to operate and maintain the automatic feeding and distribution control and management system. According to the characteristics of the oil port wharf of a petrochemical enterprise and the quantitative loading and unloading requirements of petrochemical raw materials, a set of SCADA control system is designed in this paper. The remote interlocking control of the loading and unloading vehicle is realized from the aspects of the selection and design of the field control equipment, the control programming of the lower computer and the development and configuration of the upper computer, and the friendly and intuitive man-machine interface is provided to monitor the status and data of the field. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) according to the requirements of the project, this paper designs and selects the batch control instrument of EH Company of Germany as the on-site quantitative loading control system, and selects appropriate process parameters measurement and alarm instrument. It includes mass Flowmeter, oil spill electrostatic protector, combustible gas alarm, temperature meter, pressure meter and so on, which can meet the requirement of system loading precision. In addition, IC card reader is designed and selected for remote download of loading and unloading vehicle business. The selected equipment conforms to the unified authentication of explosion-proof and meets the requirements of fieldbus communication in the project. (2) according to the control requirements of the system, the ControlLogix platform PLC of Rockwell Company is chosen as the control equipment of the lower computer in this paper. Through the RSLogix5000 programming software, the control function of the process equipment and unloading business of the system is realized by using the structure text and trapezoid diagram language. Functions include: valve switch control, pump start and stop, PID frequency conversion control, compressor start and stop control, automatic unloading control system, batch control instrument redundant signal 2 select 1 control, process parameters analog monitoring and so on. (3) in this paper, the iFIX configuration software is used as the host computer monitoring platform, and the man-machine interface of the system is designed and developed, which can be used for the remote processing of the loading and unloading vehicle business. According to the requirements of the project, the control interface, multi-crane position and single-crane service real-time processing interface of 8 different process flow sections are realized, and the functions of historical data query, alarm display and so on are provided. (4) aiming at the communication problem of the system, this paper uses industrial Ethernet and Modbus fieldbus protocol to realize the information exchange of SCADA system from management layer, control layer to field layer. In order to solve the problem of data communication between monitoring system and PLC, this paper adopts the open and mature OPC technology, and uses the monitoring system as the OPC client to access the data in the OPC server. In order to achieve the management and control integration of the whole SCADA system.
【學位授予單位】：華東理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE968

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本文編號：2334167