【摘要】：注蒸汽采油是稠油油藏高效開發(fā)的措施之一,但對于部分稠油和高凝油油藏,由于油藏本身流體及儲層巖石礦物組成特點的不同,在注蒸汽過程中,隨著儲層中溫度、壓力以及儲層流體性質(zhì)和注入流體性質(zhì)的變化,容易造成儲層發(fā)生因瀝青質(zhì)、膠質(zhì)、無機結(jié)垢、粘土礦物、各種機械雜質(zhì)等堵塞而導致注汽高壓、注汽困難的現(xiàn)象,從而造成相應(yīng)儲層采出程度下降。低頻水力脈沖波解堵技術(shù)作為一種有效的物理振動解堵技術(shù),對于油水井近井地帶具有較好的解堵效果,將低頻水力脈沖波協(xié)同化學劑解堵技術(shù)應(yīng)用于稠油熱采高壓注汽井,為解除高壓注汽井近井地帶的有機、無機堵塞提供了新途徑。但是目前對于水力脈沖波協(xié)同化學劑解堵的機理和動力學研究尚屬空白,對水力脈沖波協(xié)同化學劑解堵技術(shù)的應(yīng)用缺乏理論指導�；诖�,本文以波動力學、分形幾何學、化學等多學科理論為基礎(chǔ),系統(tǒng)研究了稠油注汽井有機堵塞和無機堵塞兩方面的水力脈沖波協(xié)同化學解堵動力學,取得了以下主要成果。將水力脈沖波簡化為平面簡諧縱波,推導了水力脈沖波力學基本參數(shù),研究了水力脈沖波傳播動力學,從微觀的角度揭示了水力脈沖波作用下地層表面顆粒沉積解堵動力學機理;通過水力脈沖波協(xié)同解吸劑瀝青質(zhì)解吸正交實驗優(yōu)選了水力脈沖波解堵工藝參數(shù),開展了瀝青質(zhì)在石英砂表面的吸附—解吸動力學實驗,將瀝青質(zhì)的吸附—解吸動力學實驗數(shù)據(jù)與動力學方程相擬合,揭示了瀝青質(zhì)在石英砂表面的吸附、波動解吸和非波動解吸過程均并非簡單的一級反應(yīng),而是由反應(yīng)速率和擴散因子綜合控制的過程。水力脈沖波協(xié)同解吸劑動態(tài)解堵實驗結(jié)果表明,水力脈沖波物理解堵與解吸劑化學解堵之間相互促進、相互協(xié)同;借助于分形幾何學研究了水力脈沖波酸蝕作用下的巖石礦物表面特性,實驗結(jié)果表明波動條件下的酸蝕表面分維值增大,波動作用加強了酸蝕反應(yīng)的反應(yīng)速度和激烈程度,使得反應(yīng)后砂巖顆粒表面結(jié)構(gòu)變得更加復雜無序;基于波動條件下的靜態(tài)酸巖反應(yīng)實驗,建立了波動條件下靜態(tài)酸巖反應(yīng)動力學模型,對波動酸蝕實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行了動力學曲線回歸,明確了水力脈沖波協(xié)同多氫酸的內(nèi)在作用機制�；谒γ}沖波對巖石流體物性的作用機理研究,在酸巖反應(yīng)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了水力脈沖波協(xié)同作用下無機解堵動力學模型,并進行了數(shù)值模型實例計算和主要參數(shù)(頻率、振幅等)的敏感性分析,為水力脈沖波協(xié)同化學無機解堵的現(xiàn)場應(yīng)用提供一定的理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Steam injection oil recovery is one of the effective measures for the development of heavy oil reservoirs. However, for some heavy oil and high condensed oil reservoirs, due to the difference of reservoir fluid and reservoir rock mineral composition, during the steam injection process, with the reservoir temperature, The changes of pressure, reservoir fluid properties and injection fluid properties can easily cause the formation to be blocked by asphaltene, colloid, inorganic scaling, clay minerals, various mechanical impurities, etc., resulting in the phenomena of high pressure and difficulty in steam injection. As a result, the recovery degree of the corresponding reservoir decreases. As an effective physical vibration plugging removal technique, low-frequency hydraulic pulse wave plugging removal technology has a good effect on the near well zone of oil-water wells. The low-frequency hydraulic pulse wave combined with chemical agent is applied to high pressure steam injection wells for thermal recovery of heavy oil. It provides a new way to remove organic and inorganic plugging in high pressure steam injection wells. However, the research on the mechanism and kinetics of hydraulic pulse wave synergistic chemical agent removal is still blank, which is lack of theoretical guidance for the application of hydraulic pulse wave synergistic chemical agent plugging removal technology. Based on the theory of wave mechanics, fractal geometry and chemistry, this paper systematically studies the synergistic chemical plugging kinetics of hydraulic pulse wave in heavy oil steam injection wells from organic plugging and inorganic plugging. The following main achievements have been achieved. The hydraulic pulse wave is simplified as a plane harmonic longitudinal wave, the basic mechanical parameters of the hydraulic pulse wave are derived, and the propagation dynamics of the hydraulic pulse wave is studied. From the microscopic point of view, the mechanism of deplugging kinetics of granular deposition on the formation surface under the action of hydraulic pulse wave is revealed. The hydraulic pulse wave desorption of asphaltene was used to optimize the parameters of hydraulic pulse wave desorption of asphaltene, and the adsorption-desorption kinetics of asphaltene on the surface of quartz sand was studied. By fitting the experimental data of adsorption-desorption kinetics of asphaltene with the kinetic equation, it is revealed that the adsorption of asphaltene on the surface of quartz sand, the process of wave desorption and non-wave desorption are not simple first-order reactions. The process is controlled by reaction rate and diffusion factor. The experimental results of dynamic plugging removal with hydraulic pulse wave and desorption agent show that the physical removal of hydraulic pulse wave and the chemical plugging of desorption agent promote each other and cooperate with each other. The surface characteristics of rock minerals under the action of hydraulic pulse wave etching are studied by means of fractal geometry. The experimental results show that the fractal dimension of the acid corrosion surface increases under fluctuating conditions, and the wave action enhances the reaction speed and intensity of the acid corrosion reaction. The surface structure of sandstone grain becomes more complex and disordered after reaction. Based on the static acid rock reaction experiment under fluctuating condition, the dynamic model of static acid rock reaction under fluctuating condition is established, and the dynamic curve regression of fluctuating acid erosion experiment data is carried out. The internal action mechanism of hydraulic pulse wave combined with polyhydroacid is clarified. Based on the study of the mechanism of hydraulic pulse wave acting on the physical properties of rock fluid, a dynamic model of inorganic plugging removal under the synergistic action of hydraulic pulse wave is established on the basis of acid rock reaction model. The numerical model and the sensitivity analysis of the main parameters (frequency, amplitude, etc.) are carried out, which provides a theoretical basis for the field application of hydraulic pulse wave in the field of chemical and inorganic plugging removal.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(華東)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE358

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