【摘要】：目前中國資源緊缺,天然氣開采量已無法滿足日益增長的需求,而與天然氣組分、熱值相似的煤層氣資源豐富、儲量大,成為替代天然氣的首選。由于煤層氣具有“低壓、低滲、低產(chǎn)”三低的特點,而且煤層氣開采的區(qū)域通常為山區(qū),地形復雜、高差大,如繼續(xù)沿用傳統(tǒng)的分散增壓、集氣站模式等技術,將無法降低工程成本、縮短施工時間、減少占地面積、節(jié)約操作成本。因此,需要自主研發(fā)一套適合我國煤層氣環(huán)境的全新工藝技術來指導“低壓、低滲、低產(chǎn)”的煤層氣田地面建設工程。針對目前傳統(tǒng)的地面集輸工藝技術,研究出一種新的地面集輸工藝技術,以實現(xiàn)縮短施工周期、降低投資成本、節(jié)約土地和煤層氣田的規(guī)�；⑿б婊_發(fā)。通過現(xiàn)場調研對國內煤層氣集輸工藝技術詳細分析,堅持地面建設與地下開采相結合的原則,對煤層氣地面集輸工藝技術大膽創(chuàng)新、研究、方案對比,研究出一套適合中國煤層氣特點的先進、經(jīng)濟適用的“多點接入、柔性集輸”的煤層氣田地面集輸工藝技術。該技術突破了統(tǒng)的布站模式,由原來有人值守計量站到集氣站,改為無人值守閥組通過多條集氣支線與集氣干線形成節(jié)點,通過這個節(jié)點將連接井口的采氣管線中的煤層氣集中到集氣干線中輸往集氣站。新技術取消了多個需要有人值守的計量站,簡化了流程,降低了人工成本,最重要的是突破點是改善了流體流動的環(huán)境。打破了規(guī)范中對采氣管線長度不宜大于5km的限制,將采氣管道長度延伸到20km以上,比規(guī)范限制的長度大了3倍以上,通過現(xiàn)場的實際運行實現(xiàn)了降低工程投資、減少能耗等要求。
[Abstract]:At present, because of the shortage of resources in China, the amount of natural gas exploitation can no longer meet the increasing demand. The coal-bed methane with similar calorific value is rich in natural gas components and has large reserves, so it is the first choice to replace natural gas. Because coalbed methane has the characteristics of "low pressure, low permeability and low yield", and the region of coalbed methane exploitation is usually mountainous area, the topography is complex and the height difference is large, such as continuing to follow the traditional techniques such as decentralized pressurization, gas collecting station mode, etc. Will not be able to reduce the cost of the project, shorten the construction time, reduce the area, save operating costs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a set of new technology suitable for China's coalbed methane environment to guide the "low pressure, low permeability, low yield" CBM field surface construction project. In view of the traditional surface gathering and transportation technology, a new surface gathering and transportation technology is developed in order to shorten the construction period, reduce the investment cost, save the scale of land and coalbed methane field, and benefit the development. Through field investigation and analysis of domestic coalbed methane gathering and transportation technology, the principle of combination of surface construction and underground mining is adhered to, and the technology of surface gathering and transportation of coalbed methane is innovated boldly, studied and compared with other schemes. This paper studies a set of advanced, economical and applicable "multi-point access, flexible gathering and transporting" technology for coalbed methane field surface gathering and transportation in China. This technology has broken through the distribution mode of the whole system, from the original station on duty to the gas collecting station, and changed the unattended valve group to form the node with the main gas collecting line through several gas collecting branch lines. Through this node, the coalbed gas in the gas pipeline connected to the wellhead is concentrated in the main gas gathering line to be transported to the gas gathering station. The new technology eliminates many metering stations that need to be manned, simplifies the process, reduces labor costs, and, most importantly, improves the fluid flow environment. It breaks the limitation that the length of gas production pipeline should not be larger than 5km in the code, and extends the length of gas pipeline to 20km, which is more than 3 times longer than the limit of code, and reduces the project investment through the actual operation of the site. Reduce energy consumption and other requirements.
【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE866

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