【摘要】：三元復合驅技術是當前國內化學驅中采收率較高的一種三次采油技術,該技術的應用在很大程度上延緩了油田產量遞減的速度,給油田帶來了良好的經濟效益,現(xiàn)已成為不少油田采油技術的主要接替措施。不過,三元復合驅的應用同樣會對儲層造成不小的傷害,帶來諸多問題。本文針對新疆油田QD1區(qū)礫巖儲層特征,開展弱堿三元復合體系對礫巖油藏儲層傷害的實驗研究,具體工作如下：首先,本文結合QD1區(qū)礫巖儲層的巖礦、流體等特征,分析了弱堿三元復合體系對儲層的潛在損害,并對其損害機理進行了綜述。其次,利用化學滴定的方法以及激光粒度儀等儀器,分別研究了弱堿碳酸鈉體系、弱堿三元復合體系與地層流體的配伍性,考察了碳酸鹽垢生成規(guī)律。隨后,本文又從黏土膨脹規(guī)律、硅質垢形成規(guī)律、礫巖巖屑的靜態(tài)溶蝕三個方面研究弱堿三元體系與儲層的配伍性�？疾炝损ね恋V物在弱堿碳酸鈉體系、二元復合體系以及三元復合體系中的膨脹規(guī)律；硅質垢在不同pH值條件下的生成規(guī)律以及碳酸鈉、表面活性劑、聚合物對其影響；同時考察了礫巖巖屑在不同濃度碳酸鈉體系、弱堿三元復合體系中的溶蝕規(guī)律。最后,研究了弱堿碳酸鈉體系、二元體系以及三元體系對礫巖巖芯的動態(tài)溶蝕作用。實驗結果表明：碳酸鹽垢、堿對巖石骨架以及黏土礦物的溶蝕導致微粒運移、黏土膨脹以及高分子聚合物的吸附滯留等均是弱堿三元復合體系對儲層的潛在物理、化學傷害；聚合物和表面活性劑能夠對碳酸鹽垢的形成起到一定抑制作用,三元體系中形成的碳酸鹽垢粒徑要比弱堿碳酸鈉體系中小一個數(shù)量級；黏土膨脹規(guī)律受堿液濃度、聚合物和表面活性劑影響,三者均在一定程度上促進黏土膨脹；硅酸根聚合成垢受pH值影響較大,隨pH值降低硅酸根聚合趨勢越來越嚴重,而聚合物和表面活性劑能夠在一定程度上抑制硅垢的形成,抑制程度約為10%～45%；靜態(tài)溶蝕結果表明,三元體系中消耗的碳酸根離子以及溶蝕出的硅鋁離子濃度均比單一堿體系小,說明聚合物和表面活性劑能夠抑制堿對地層的傷害,同時結果還表明近井地帶巖石受到的溶蝕較為嚴重,溶蝕出的硅離子具有成垢的趨勢；動態(tài)溶蝕結果表明,堿濃度越大,對巖芯的傷害越大,并且高滲巖芯的傷害程度要小于低滲巖芯,傷害的主要方式是堿對巖石溶蝕造成巖石或者黏土顆粒脫落、運移以及碳酸鹽垢沉淀,聚合物和表面活性劑吸附在巖石表面減緩堿的溶蝕。本文研究了弱堿三元復合體系對礫巖儲層的傷害規(guī)律,對油田的三元復合應用具有一定的理論指導作用。
[Abstract]:ASP flooding is a high recovery technology in chemical flooding in China at present. The application of this technology to a large extent slows down the rate of oil production decline and brings good economic benefits to the oil field. Now it has become the main replacement measure of oil recovery technology in many oilfields. However, the application of ASP flooding will also cause serious damage to reservoir and bring many problems. According to the characteristics of conglomerate reservoir in QD1 area of Xinjiang Oilfield, this paper carries out an experimental study on the damage to conglomerate reservoir by weak alkali ternary composite system. The specific work is as follows: firstly, this paper combines the characteristics of rock, mineral and fluid of conglomerate reservoir in QD1 area. The potential damage of weak alkali ternary system to reservoir is analyzed and its damage mechanism is summarized. Secondly, by means of chemical titration and laser granulometer, the compatibility of weak base sodium carbonate system, weak base ternary composite system and formation fluid was studied, and the formation law of carbonate scale was investigated. Then, the compatibility of weak alkali ternary system with reservoir is studied from three aspects: clay expansion rule, siliceous scale formation law and static dissolution of conglomerate cuttings. The expansion law of clay minerals in weak base sodium carbonate system, binary composite system and ternary composite system, the formation of siliceous scale under different pH values and the effects of sodium carbonate, surfactant and polymer on it were investigated. At the same time, the dissolution law of conglomerate cuttings in different concentration of sodium carbonate system and weak alkali ternary composite system was investigated. Finally, the dynamic dissolution of conglomerate core by weak base sodium carbonate system, binary system and ternary system is studied. The experimental results show that carbonate scale, alkali dissolution of rock skeleton and clay minerals lead to particle migration, clay expansion and adsorption and retention of polymer are all potential physical and chemical damage of weak alkali ternary system to reservoir; The formation of carbonate scale can be inhibited by polymer and surfactant. The particle size of carbonate scale formed in ternary system is one order of magnitude smaller than that in weak base sodium carbonate system. The effects of polymer and surfactant on clay expansion were improved to a certain extent, and the formation of scale by silicic acid polymerization was greatly affected by pH value, and the trend of silicic acid polymerization became more and more serious with the decrease of pH value. However, polymer and surfactant can inhibit the formation of silicon scale to a certain extent, and the inhibition degree is about 1045%. The concentration of carbonate ion consumed in ternary system and the concentration of dissolved Si-Al ion in ternary system are smaller than that in single base system, which indicates that polymer and surfactant can inhibit the formation damage caused by alkali. At the same time, the results also show that the dissolution of rocks in the near well area is more serious, and the corrosion of silicon ions has the tendency of scaling, and the dynamic dissolution results show that the more alkali concentration, the greater the damage to the core. And the damage degree of high permeability core is smaller than that of low permeability core. The main way of damage is rock or clay particles falling off, migration and carbonate scale precipitation caused by alkali dissolution of rock. The polymer and surfactant adsorbed on the rock surface to slow down the dissolution of alkali. In this paper, the damage law of weak alkali ternary composite system to conglomerate reservoir is studied, which can be used to guide the application of ternary composite in oil field.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TE357.4

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本文編號：2285455