爆炸載荷作用下大型原油儲罐動力響應(yīng)研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-20 10:06
【摘要】：原油具有易燃、易爆等危險性,在其儲罐周圍發(fā)生泄漏、火災(zāi)、爆炸,或雷電等極易對儲罐安全產(chǎn)生影響。眾多事故中,爆炸產(chǎn)生的碎片是造成連鎖爆炸的主要原因之一。儲罐一旦發(fā)生爆炸,爆炸碎片將以直接破壞形式作用于爆炸點(diǎn)的周圍儲罐,爆炸碎片承載的爆炸載荷往往較大,因此造成非常嚴(yán)重的后果,甚至大于初始事故后果的嚴(yán)重性。因此本文將針對碎片撞擊儲罐這一過程的動力響應(yīng)進(jìn)行分析研究。為了探索確保儲罐及周圍設(shè)備設(shè)施安全的途徑,本文結(jié)合儲罐結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn),采用大型通用有限元分析軟件ANSYS/LS-DYNA對爆炸產(chǎn)生的碎片撞擊儲罐這一過程進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬和爆炸動力響應(yīng)分析,進(jìn)而進(jìn)行安全評價。本文根據(jù)儲罐的基本組成,建立了儲罐響應(yīng)的動力學(xué)模型,分析了儲罐響應(yīng)的主要因素,然后實現(xiàn)了碎片撞擊儲罐的有限元模擬,并通過與實驗數(shù)據(jù)和經(jīng)驗公式進(jìn)行對比,對建立的碎片撞擊儲罐有限元模型的可靠性進(jìn)行了驗證。得出本文建立的儲罐有限元模型可以很好地模擬碎片撞擊儲罐的動力響應(yīng)過程。通過依次改變碎片撞擊速度、撞擊橫截面面積、碎片質(zhì)量、撞擊入射角度并展開模擬,定量的分析了這些因素對碎片撞擊儲罐的動力響應(yīng)影響。結(jié)果表明,碎片撞擊速度、碎片質(zhì)量、撞擊入射角度與儲罐穩(wěn)定性正相關(guān),而撞擊橫截面面積與之負(fù)相關(guān)。如撞擊速度在40-110m/s范圍內(nèi),速度每增加10m/s,X軸向位移增加10mm左右,X軸向加速度最大值增加3m/s2左右,X軸向速度最大值增加2m/s左右,撞擊時間縮小0.001s左右。根據(jù)模擬結(jié)果對爆炸載荷作用下的大型原油儲罐失效預(yù)防方法進(jìn)行了研究,在爆炸預(yù)防、安全防護(hù)、日常管理、應(yīng)急救援等方面提出預(yù)防對策措施,創(chuàng)新性的提出通過改變管壁材料或厚度以減少碎片撞擊儲罐的響應(yīng),為儲罐設(shè)計、安全防護(hù)措施的設(shè)置提出有效合理建議。
[Abstract]:Crude oil is flammable, explosive and so on. Leakage, fire, explosion, lightning and so on can easily affect the safety of storage tank. Among many accidents, the debris produced by the explosion is one of the main causes of the chain explosion. Once the tank explodes, the explosion debris will act on the storage tank around the explosion site in the form of direct destruction. The explosion debris usually carries a large explosion load, which results in very serious consequences, even greater than the severity of the initial accident consequences. Therefore, the dynamic response of the process of debris impact on the tank will be analyzed and studied in this paper. In order to explore the ways to ensure the safety of storage tank and its surrounding facilities, this paper combines the characteristics of storage tank structure, The large scale finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA is used to simulate the process of debris impact on the tank, and the dynamic response of explosion is analyzed, and the safety evaluation is carried out. According to the basic composition of the tank, this paper establishes the dynamic model of the tank response, analyzes the main factors of the tank response, and then realizes the finite element simulation of the impact of debris on the tank, and compares it with the experimental data and empirical formula. The reliability of the finite element model of debris impact tank is verified. The finite element model of the tank established in this paper can well simulate the dynamic response process of debris impacting the tank. By changing the debris impact velocity, impact cross section area, debris mass, impact incident angle and simulation in turn, the effects of these factors on the dynamic response of debris impact tank are quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the impact velocity, debris mass and incident angle are positively correlated with the tank stability, while the impact cross section area is negatively correlated with the impact velocity. If the impact velocity is in the range of 40-110m/s, when the velocity increases by 10 m / s, the axial displacement increases about 10mm, the maximum X axial acceleration increases about 3m/s2, the maximum X axial velocity increases about 2m/s, and the impact time decreases by 0.001s. According to the simulation results, the failure prevention methods of large crude oil storage tanks under explosion load are studied, and the preventive countermeasures are put forward in the aspects of explosion prevention, safety protection, daily management, emergency rescue and so on. Innovative suggestions are put forward to reduce the response of debris impact on the tank by changing the material or thickness of the pipe wall, and to provide effective and reasonable suggestions for the design of the tank and the setting of safety protection measures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE972
本文編號：2282820
[Abstract]:Crude oil is flammable, explosive and so on. Leakage, fire, explosion, lightning and so on can easily affect the safety of storage tank. Among many accidents, the debris produced by the explosion is one of the main causes of the chain explosion. Once the tank explodes, the explosion debris will act on the storage tank around the explosion site in the form of direct destruction. The explosion debris usually carries a large explosion load, which results in very serious consequences, even greater than the severity of the initial accident consequences. Therefore, the dynamic response of the process of debris impact on the tank will be analyzed and studied in this paper. In order to explore the ways to ensure the safety of storage tank and its surrounding facilities, this paper combines the characteristics of storage tank structure, The large scale finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA is used to simulate the process of debris impact on the tank, and the dynamic response of explosion is analyzed, and the safety evaluation is carried out. According to the basic composition of the tank, this paper establishes the dynamic model of the tank response, analyzes the main factors of the tank response, and then realizes the finite element simulation of the impact of debris on the tank, and compares it with the experimental data and empirical formula. The reliability of the finite element model of debris impact tank is verified. The finite element model of the tank established in this paper can well simulate the dynamic response process of debris impacting the tank. By changing the debris impact velocity, impact cross section area, debris mass, impact incident angle and simulation in turn, the effects of these factors on the dynamic response of debris impact tank are quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the impact velocity, debris mass and incident angle are positively correlated with the tank stability, while the impact cross section area is negatively correlated with the impact velocity. If the impact velocity is in the range of 40-110m/s, when the velocity increases by 10 m / s, the axial displacement increases about 10mm, the maximum X axial acceleration increases about 3m/s2, the maximum X axial velocity increases about 2m/s, and the impact time decreases by 0.001s. According to the simulation results, the failure prevention methods of large crude oil storage tanks under explosion load are studied, and the preventive countermeasures are put forward in the aspects of explosion prevention, safety protection, daily management, emergency rescue and so on. Innovative suggestions are put forward to reduce the response of debris impact on the tank by changing the material or thickness of the pipe wall, and to provide effective and reasonable suggestions for the design of the tank and the setting of safety protection measures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE972
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，本文編號：2282820
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