【摘要】：隨著社會的不斷發(fā)展和進步,人們對能源的需求不斷的加大,尤其是油氣資源,這促進了油氣行業(yè)的大力發(fā)展。各國油田基本都已無自然產(chǎn)能而采用注水開發(fā),隨著油田的不斷注水,導(dǎo)致了油藏含水量過高,油井出水嚴重,橫縱向的均質(zhì)性較差,采油效率低等一系列問題。為了解決以上問題,研究者們不斷的開發(fā)各種堵劑,改變油藏內(nèi)部的不均質(zhì)性,封堵高滲層等保證采油量。但是隨著開采的力度的不斷加大,淺部油藏已經(jīng)基本開發(fā)完全,開采的深度正在逐步加深,相應(yīng)的地層溫度、壓力、礦化度等也隨之升高,而目前市場上存在的暫堵劑耐鹽性可以滿足要求,但耐溫都在135℃以下,注入深部地層后易發(fā)生降解或溶解,不能有效封堵。暫堵劑的開發(fā)還應(yīng)與環(huán)境保護結(jié)合,如果暫堵劑在發(fā)揮封堵性能后殘留在地層,那么將會污染地層。因此,研制一種耐鹽、耐剪切性較好,有可以耐高溫,在一定條件下又可以降解的暫堵劑,對于油田的深部開采,進一步提高采收率是有重要的實踐意義的。本文通過對前人資料的歸納總結(jié),選擇使用水溶液聚合法,通過改變單體和配比的方式合成凍膠。主要通過耐溫性實驗,不斷的完善改進暫堵劑的粘彈性、耐溫性和降解性。對合成的暫堵劑還開展溶解性、膨脹性、配伍性、攜帶型、封堵性、傷害性等性能評價,探討了由不同單體及不同比例合成的暫堵劑的性能特點,最終確定了適合不同溫壓地層使用的暫堵劑系列的配方。研制的暫堵劑系列產(chǎn)品,達到如下的技術(shù)指標:(1)耐溫110~180℃;(2)可在殘酸或清水中膨脹20~30倍不等;(3)48h內(nèi)降解率達到95%以上;(4)在酸液、清水、壓裂液中懸浮性均較好,易攜帶;(5)降解液與殘酸配伍性良好,對孔喉和小于300微米的裂縫具有較強的封堵性,對巖心的恢復(fù)能力大于88%;(6)產(chǎn)品工藝簡單,經(jīng)濟技術(shù)可行。
[Abstract]:With the development and progress of society, the demand for energy is increasing, especially the oil and gas resources, which promote the development of oil and gas industry. With the continuous injection of oil fields, the water content of the reservoir is too high, the well effluent is serious, the horizontal and vertical homogeneity is poor, the oil recovery efficiency is low, and so on. In order to solve the above problems, the researchers constantly develop a variety of plugging agents to change the internal heterogeneity of the reservoir and seal the high permeability layer to ensure oil production. However, with the increasing intensity of exploitation, shallow reservoirs have been basically developed completely, the depth of exploitation is gradually deepening, and the corresponding formation temperature, pressure, salinity, etc., are also rising. However, the salt tolerance of temporary plugging agents in the present market can meet the requirements, but the temperature tolerance is below 135 鈩，

本文編號：2281740