【摘要】：套管損壞已經(jīng)成為一個國際性的普遍問題,并且套損速度有逐年上升的趨勢。多年以來,國內(nèi)外油田、科研機構(gòu)和高等院校在套損機理研究方面做了大量的工作,研究總結(jié)出多項套損機理成果,但仍然有許多問題需要解決,值得深入研究。本文基于ANSYS有限元軟件,對承受外壓套管的擠毀強度和變形損壞進行了仿真,主完成以下內(nèi)容：1.建立了理想套管的有限元模型,分析了在均勻和非均勻外載荷作用下理想套管的應(yīng)力場和位移場。通過觀察位移載荷關(guān)系曲線發(fā)現(xiàn),外載荷達到臨界值以前,套管的變形很小,而當外載荷達到臨界值之后,套管所能承受的擠毀壓力急劇降低,變形顯著增加。而且通過計算得知,在非均勻載荷作用下,套管的擠毀強度遠低于均勻載荷作用下套管的擠毀強度,即在非均勻載荷作用下套管的擠毀強度會大大降低。這是導(dǎo)致套管大量損壞的主要原因。2.建立了在有橢圓度的情況下,套管橢圓度與擠毀強度之問的數(shù)學(xué)模型,套管的擠毀強度隨著橢圓度的增加而降低。3.建立了橢圓套管的有限元模型,分析了橢圓套管在均勻載荷作用下的應(yīng)力場和位移場。通過計算可知,橢圓度會使套管的擠毀強度降低,隨著橢圓度的增加,套管的失穩(wěn)外壓隨之下降；當套管上作用的是非均勻分布的載荷時,不均度系數(shù)越小,橢圓度對套管擠毀強度的影響越小,但套管的擠毀強度變化與橢圓度的變化仍然成反比。4.當非均勻載荷的最大值沿橢圓長軸或短軸方向作用時,橢圓度引起的載荷能力降低并不大,套管承載能力主要受制于載荷非均勻度。
[Abstract]:Casing damage has become an international problem, and the casing failure rate is increasing year by year. Over the years, a great deal of work has been done in the research of casing damage mechanism in oil fields, scientific research institutions and colleges and universities at home and abroad, and many results of casing damage mechanism have been summarized, but there are still many problems to be solved, which are worthy of further study. Based on ANSYS finite element software, the extrusion strength and deformation damage of casing under external pressure are simulated. The main contents are as follows: 1. The finite element model of ideal casing is established, and the stress field and displacement field of ideal casing under uniform and non-uniform external loads are analyzed. By observing the displacement load relation curve, it is found that the casing deformation is very small before the external load reaches the critical value, but when the external load reaches the critical value, the collapsing pressure that the casing can withstand decreases sharply and the deformation increases significantly. The results show that under the action of non-uniform load, the collapsing strength of casing is much lower than that of casing under uniform load, that is, the strength of casing collapsing under the action of non-uniform load will be greatly reduced. This is the main cause of casing damage. 2. A mathematical model of the relationship between casing ellipticity and collapsing strength is established under the condition of ellipticity. The collapsing strength of casing decreases with the increase of ellipticity. The finite element model of elliptical casing is established, and the stress field and displacement field of elliptical casing under uniform load are analyzed. The calculation results show that ellipticity will decrease the collapsing strength of casing, and with the increase of ellipticity, the external pressure of casing instability will decrease, and when the load acting on the casing is non-uniformly distributed, the unevenness coefficient will decrease. The influence of ellipticity on casing collapsing strength is smaller, but the change of casing collapsing strength is still inversely proportional to ellipticity. When the maximum value of non-uniform load acts along the direction of the long or short axis of the ellipse, the load capacity caused by ellipticity is not greatly reduced, and the bearing capacity of the casing is mainly restricted by the load heterogeneity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE931.2

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