【摘要】：隨著油井不斷開采,油井供采矛盾日益突出。為實現(xiàn)油井供采平衡,保證機采設備高效持續(xù)運行,合理選取油井抽汲參數(shù)對油井生產(chǎn)具有重要意義。本文針對這一情況,結合抽油機工作過程中電參數(shù)與懸點示功圖的關系、功圖量油以及抽油機井動態(tài)控制圖理論,提出由電參數(shù)判斷油井供液能力,從而實現(xiàn)油井供采匹配調(diào)參的方法,使抽油機以最優(yōu)抽汲參數(shù)持續(xù)、節(jié)能、穩(wěn)產(chǎn)運行。本文采用理論與試驗研究相結合的方法,首先研究抽油機三相異步電動機電參數(shù)與懸點示功圖、動液面深度、油井產(chǎn)量的關系。建立電參數(shù)推導懸點示功圖的數(shù)學模型。該模型以電機實測轉(zhuǎn)速為一重要參數(shù),通過懸點功圖推算油井動液面深度,并以油田現(xiàn)場實測數(shù)據(jù)進行對比、驗證,對模型進行修正。該部分研究結果表明,加入實測電機軸轉(zhuǎn)速的電參數(shù)推導懸點功圖、動液面深度數(shù)學模型更趨準確、符合工程實際。其次,本文結合上述理論研究結果,以抽油機井動態(tài)控制圖為基礎,對抽油機抽汲參數(shù)與油井供液能力匹配程度進行判斷,并對抽汲參數(shù)與油井供液能力不匹配的情況進行自動調(diào)參。通過VB語言編制抽油機自動調(diào)參程序,開發(fā)基于電參數(shù)的抽油機井自調(diào)參系統(tǒng)。通過軟、硬件系統(tǒng)設計,實現(xiàn)對抽油機井供液能力、供采平衡狀態(tài)實時判斷、自動調(diào)參功能。最后,通過室內(nèi)試驗,對基于電參數(shù)的抽油機井自調(diào)參系統(tǒng)的有效性進行驗證。在試驗過程中通過抽油機井實際動態(tài)控制圖對油井供液能力進行判斷,并通過本系統(tǒng)對抽油機進行相應的調(diào)參。實驗結果表明:基于電參數(shù)的抽油機井自調(diào)參系統(tǒng)可有效實現(xiàn)調(diào)參。本課題是通過對抽油機電動機電參數(shù)與油井供液能力的理論及試驗研究分析,形成基于電參數(shù)的抽油機井自調(diào)參技術,對于實現(xiàn)油井供采平衡、提高系統(tǒng)效率及節(jié)能開采具有重要的研究意義和經(jīng)濟價值。
[Abstract]:With the continuous exploitation of oil wells, the contradiction between supply and production of oil wells is becoming increasingly prominent. In order to balance supply and production of oil wells and ensure the efficient and continuous operation of mechanical production equipment, it is important to select reasonable swabbing parameters for oil wells. Based on the theory of dynamic control chart of oil well, the method of judging the ability of oil well to supply fluid by electric parameters is put forward to realize matching and adjusting parameters of oil well supply and production, so as to make the pumping unit run continuously, economically and steadily with the optimum swabbing parameters. The mathematical model of hanging point indicator diagram is established. The model takes the measured rotational speed of motor as an important parameter, calculates the dynamic liquid level depth of oil well by hanging point power diagram, and validates the model by comparing with the field measured data. Secondly, based on the above theoretical research results and the dynamic control chart of pumping wells, the matching degree between pumping parameters of pumping units and the fluid supply capacity of oil wells is judged, and the matching degree between pumping parameters and the fluid supply capacity of oil wells is also judged. The automatic parameter adjustment program of pumping unit is compiled by VB language, and the self-parameter adjustment system of pumping unit well based on electric parameters is developed. Through the design of software and hardware system, the function of fluid supply ability, real-time judgment of supply-production balance state and automatic parameter adjustment of pumping unit well are realized. The validity of the Self-adjusting Parameter System of the pumping wells is verified. During the test, the actual dynamic control chart of the pumping wells is used to judge the liquid supply capacity of the oil wells, and the corresponding parameters of the pumping units are adjusted by the system. The experimental results show that the Self-adjusting Parameter System of the pumping wells based on the electric parameters can effectively adjust the parameters. Through the theoretical and experimental study and analysis of the electric parameters of the pumping motor and the liquid supply capacity of the oil wells, the self-adjusting parameters technology of the pumping wells based on the electric parameters is formed, which has important research significance and economic value for realizing the balance of oil well supply and production, improving the system efficiency and energy-saving production.
【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE933.1

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