【摘要】：我國大多數(shù)原油含蠟量比較高,一般原油含蠟量高于20%,屬于開采稠油的國家之一。在生產(chǎn)中,為了解決油井因溫度和壓力的變化而導(dǎo)致的油管內(nèi)壁結(jié)蠟問題,開始采用空心抽油桿熱洗工藝技術(shù)。隨著下井深度變化,空心抽油桿連接不同數(shù)量的抽油桿桿柱。由這些多個(gè)桿柱組成的系統(tǒng),當(dāng)有一個(gè)出現(xiàn)問題時(shí),將導(dǎo)致整個(gè)系統(tǒng)不能正常工作。在熱洗除蠟過程中,桿體在熱應(yīng)力作用下可能會發(fā)生空心抽油桿的失效。本文根據(jù)空心抽油桿系統(tǒng)安全生產(chǎn)的要求,對空心抽油桿在使用過程中安全性進(jìn)行了研究,主要研究的內(nèi)容包括:(1)為了保證空心抽油桿系統(tǒng)的使用壽命,依據(jù)空心桿的選型標(biāo)準(zhǔn),從空心抽油桿的拉應(yīng)力、變形量、螺紋連接等方面對其進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)度計(jì)算、分析和校核,為確保所選空心抽油桿滿足生產(chǎn)的要求奠定了基礎(chǔ)。(2)計(jì)算了空心抽油桿式抽油機(jī)的懸點(diǎn)載荷和空心抽油桿桿體及其接頭的應(yīng)力、強(qiáng)度。通過ANSYS軟件進(jìn)行模擬和仿真,得到空心抽油桿模擬拉伸強(qiáng)度云圖;最大應(yīng)力值位于空心抽油桿的頂端位置,應(yīng)力從頂端向下數(shù)值逐漸變小;得到了螺紋的等效應(yīng)力云圖,兩端螺紋牙受到的應(yīng)力最大;對空心抽油桿抗擠強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行了分析,得出了油管磨損的偏心距對油管磨損強(qiáng)度的影響關(guān)系。(3)對空心抽油桿熱洗工藝中的熱效應(yīng)進(jìn)行了分析。包括空心桿熱洗過程中的熱變形量、熱效率的分析與計(jì)算,熱變形量對采油工況影響的分析與計(jì)算,提出了可采取的解決方案。應(yīng)用ANSYS得到了空心抽油桿內(nèi)部溫度沿管徑變化的曲線;得出了空心抽油桿內(nèi)部徑向、周向應(yīng)力沿路徑的分布曲線圖。(4)運(yùn)用事故樹分析的方法對空心抽油桿系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性分析。根據(jù)空心抽油桿系統(tǒng)各個(gè)部件常見的失效形式,建立了空心抽油桿系統(tǒng)事故樹模型。對所建立的事故樹進(jìn)行分析,定性分析主要找出了導(dǎo)致頂事件發(fā)生的最小割集,定量分析結(jié)合空心抽油桿系統(tǒng)各個(gè)零件失效概率的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),計(jì)算了系統(tǒng)概率重要度。通過分析可以得出的結(jié)論是:建立事故樹模型中各個(gè)底事件均為最小割集,但各個(gè)底事件概率重要度有差別。其中應(yīng)力集中失效、接箍處應(yīng)力集中失效、偏磨失效、熱應(yīng)力耦合失效對空心抽油桿系統(tǒng)有較大影響。
[Abstract]:The wax content of most crude oils in China is higher than 20%. Generally, the wax content of crude oil is higher than 20%. It is one of the countries that exploit heavy oil. Number of sucker rod strings. A system consisting of these multiple rod strings, when a problem occurs, will cause the whole system to fail. In the process of hot washing and dewaxing, the sucker rod may fail under the action of thermal stress. In order to ensure the service life of the hollow sucker rod system, according to the selection standard of the hollow rod, the strength of the hollow sucker rod is calculated, analyzed and checked from the aspects of tensile stress, deformation and thread connection, etc. in order to ensure the hollow sucker rod system to meet the production requirements. (2) The suspension load of the hollow sucker rod pumping unit and the stress and strength of the hollow sucker rod and its joint are calculated. The simulated tensile strength nephogram of the hollow sucker rod is obtained by ANSYS software. The maximum stress is located at the top of the hollow sucker rod and the stress is calculated from the top to the bottom. The equivalent stress nephogram of the threads was obtained, and the stress on the threads at both ends was the greatest. The influence of eccentricity of tubing wear on tubing wear strength was analyzed. 3. The thermal effect in the hot washing process of the hollow sucker rod was analyzed, including the hot washing process of the hollow sucker rod. Thermal deformation, thermal efficiency analysis and calculation, thermal deformation on the analysis and calculation of the impact of oil production conditions, put forward the solution can be taken. The application of ANSYS hollow sucker rod internal temperature along the diameter of the curve; obtained hollow sucker rod internal radial, circumferential stress along the path of the distribution curve. (4) Using fault tree. The risk analysis of the hollow sucker rod system is carried out by the method of analysis.According to the common failure modes of each component of the hollow sucker rod system,the fault tree model of the hollow sucker rod system is established.The fault tree is analyzed,and the qualitative analysis mainly finds out the minimum cut set which causes the top event.The quantitative analysis is combined with the hollow sucker rod system. The statistical data of failure probability of each part of the rod system are used to calculate the probabilistic importance of the system.The conclusion can be drawn from the analysis that each bottom event in the fault tree model is the minimum cut set,but the probabilistic importance of each bottom event is different. Failure has great influence on the hollow sucker rod system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE933.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 施豫琴;顧慶宏;李興;徐蘇燕;;空心桿熱洗工藝技術(shù)應(yīng)用[J];復(fù)雜油氣藏;2011年04期

2 張惠文;;抽油機(jī)井熱洗清蠟效果分析與研究[J];化學(xué)工程與裝備;2011年02期

3 馬愛文;;空心抽油桿熱洗清蠟質(zhì)量控制技術(shù)創(chuàng)新及應(yīng)用[J];石油工業(yè)技術(shù)監(jiān)督;2009年02期

4 李連波;張俊;石志強(qiáng);;抽油桿斷裂事故分析[J];熱加工工藝;2008年08期

5 常慶;陳建輝;邱鵬;;FTA在故障注入系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用研究[J];儀表技術(shù);2007年12期

6 王永志;田士章;李成剛;;管道結(jié)蠟層溫度分布計(jì)算研究[J];當(dāng)代化工;2007年05期

7 錢俊梅;江曉紅;仲小冬;范軍;;淺談基于ANSYS軟件的接觸分析問題[J];煤礦機(jī)械;2006年07期

8 李其;劉殿魁;李曉秋;;在用抽油桿服役期限的確定方法[J];東北林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2006年01期

9 張勇;宋金初;;井眼循環(huán)溫度分布規(guī)律[J];內(nèi)蒙古石油化工;2005年12期

10 林元華;張德平;駱發(fā)前;施太和;;抽油桿疲勞壽命計(jì)算研究[J];石油鉆采工藝;2005年06期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 張紅;抽油機(jī)井檢泵周期與桿柱壽命的可靠性預(yù)測方法[D];燕山大學(xué);2012年

2 劉飛;基于故障樹的可靠性分析軟件開發(fā)[D];東北大學(xué);2009年

，

本文編號：2245126