【摘要】：近年來,隨著全世界工業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展,世界各國對石油以及高品質(zhì)輕質(zhì)燃料油的需求量與日俱增。而隨著世界范圍內(nèi)油田的不斷開采,輕質(zhì)低硫原料油的供應(yīng)量越來越少,開采原油中硫含量高的重質(zhì)原料油越來越多。而目前,出于環(huán)境污染和環(huán)保要求的考慮,汽油、煤油和柴油等產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量等級在不斷提升。因此采用加氫處理提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的工藝過程在整個煉油工藝中的作用不斷提升,近年來國內(nèi)汽柴油加氫裝置處理量也不斷提高。加氫處理過程能夠有效地降低原料油中硫、氧和氮的含量,并能選擇加氫芳香烴與烯烴,脫出金屬與瀝青等物質(zhì),從而提高產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)。加氫反應(yīng)為放熱反應(yīng),反應(yīng)條件為高溫高壓,其裝置能耗較高,因此通過調(diào)整操作參數(shù)、技改工藝流程及優(yōu)化換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)可達(dá)到大幅度節(jié)能的目的。本文的研究對象為某煉廠80萬噸/年汽柴油加氫裝置,通過模擬該裝置全流程,提出相應(yīng)技改與操作優(yōu)化方案。主要研究內(nèi)容及創(chuàng)新特色包括以下三個方面：(1)加氫處理反應(yīng)器模擬與參數(shù)優(yōu)化：根據(jù)實際生產(chǎn)中原料與產(chǎn)品信息和設(shè)備與操作參數(shù),使用HYSYS中提供的加氫集總反應(yīng)動力學(xué)模型,對加氫反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行建模。通過校核各集總反應(yīng)常數(shù),使模擬結(jié)果與現(xiàn)場生產(chǎn)結(jié)果相一致。并在此基礎(chǔ)上重點分析改變氫油比與各反應(yīng)床層溫度對反應(yīng)效果的影響,用于指導(dǎo)實際生產(chǎn)運行。(2)加氫處理分離工藝模擬與操作調(diào)優(yōu)：模擬分析加氫處理分離工藝,主要包括高低分系統(tǒng)、脫硫化氫塔與分餾塔。并提出以下三點技改方案：1.技改原流程的高低分系統(tǒng),增加熱高壓分離罐與熱低壓分離罐,在分離效果一定的情況下,大幅度降低該部分工藝能耗。2.模擬脫硫化氫塔并優(yōu)化塔頂冷凝溫度。3.脫硫化氫塔底加熱方式由間接汽提改為直接汽提,并優(yōu)化汽提蒸汽量,實現(xiàn)脫硫化氫塔優(yōu)化操作。(3)加氫處理工藝換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合：分析綜合原工藝流程中換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò),并對原換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,優(yōu)化后冷公用工程降低27.7%并省去反應(yīng)器加熱爐。重新設(shè)計技改冷熱高低分后流程換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò),與原換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)相比大幅度降低公用工程用量,從而提高裝置熱回收。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of industry and economy all over the world, the demand for oil and high quality light fuel oil is increasing day by day. With the continuous exploitation of oilfields in the world, the supply of light and low sulfur feedstock is becoming less and less, and there are more and more heavy feedstock oil with high sulfur content in crude oil. At present, due to environmental pollution and environmental requirements, the quality of gasoline, kerosene and diesel products are constantly improving. Therefore, the process of improving the product quality by hydrotreating has been playing an important role in the whole refining process, and the treatment capacity of domestic gasoline and diesel hydrogenation units has also been increasing in recent years. The hydrotreating process can effectively reduce the contents of sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen in the feedstock oil, and can select hydrogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and olefins, remove metals and bitumen, and thus improve the product quality. The hydrogenation reaction is an exothermic reaction, the reaction condition is high temperature and high pressure, and the energy consumption of the unit is high. Therefore, by adjusting the operation parameters, improving the technological process and optimizing the heat transfer network, the purpose of energy saving can be achieved greatly. The research object of this paper is a 800000 t / a gasoline / diesel hydrogenation unit in a refinery. By simulating the whole process of the unit, the corresponding technical innovation and operation optimization scheme are put forward. The main research contents and innovative features include the following three aspects: (1) Hydrotreating reactor simulation and parameter optimization: according to the actual production of raw materials and product information and equipment and operational parameters, The hydrogenation reaction system was modeled by using the hydrotreating lumped reaction kinetic model provided by HYSYS. By checking the total reaction constants, the simulation results are consistent with the field production results. On this basis, the effect of changing the ratio of hydrogen to oil and the temperature of each reaction bed on the reaction effect is analyzed, which can be used to guide the actual operation. (2) Hydrogenation separation process simulation and operation optimization: simulation analysis of hydrotreating separation process, Mainly include high and low fractionation system, hydrogen sulfide column and fractionator. And put forward the following three technical reform plan: 1. Under the condition that the separation effect is constant, the energy consumption of this part of the process is greatly reduced by increasing the heat and high pressure separation tank and the heat and low pressure separation tank in the high and low sub-system of the original process. Simulate the hydrogen sulfide tower and optimize the condensation temperature of the tower top. 3. The bottom heating mode of hydrogen sulfide tower was changed from indirect stripping to direct stripping, and the steam volume was optimized to realize the optimization operation of hydrogen sulfide tower. (3) Heat transfer network synthesis of hydrogenation treatment process: analysis of heat transfer network in the integrated original process, The original heat transfer network was optimized, and the cooling utility was reduced by 27.7% after optimization, and the reactor furnace was eliminated. Compared with the original heat exchange network, the process heat exchange network is redesigned, which greatly reduces the consumption of public works and improves the heat recovery of the unit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE96

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 李中華;肖武;賀高紅;杜艷澤;方向晨;羅立;;夾點技術(shù)優(yōu)化改造蠟油加氫裂化裝置換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)及有效能分析[J];化工進(jìn)展;2017年04期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李中華;蠟油加氫裂化裝置的有效能分析及能量集成[D];大連理工大學(xué);2016年

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本文編號：2243226