【摘要】：高含硫天然氣在集輸過程中會在集輸系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部出現(xiàn)固體顆粒沉積的現(xiàn)象,固體顆粒沉積會導(dǎo)致集輸系統(tǒng)的集輸能力下降,甚至停產(chǎn)。故研究集輸系統(tǒng)中,天然氣經(jīng)過一些典型管件如計量分離器、節(jié)流孔板(閥門)、管匯和三通等時,氣體與固體的流動情況以及固體顆粒直徑變化以及分布情況,對于預(yù)測顆粒沉積、提高天然氣集輸系統(tǒng)安全水平,保障天然氣集輸系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定運行,具有重要的工程指導(dǎo)意義。本文利用CFD技術(shù)對天然氣集輸系統(tǒng)中的直管段、計量分離器以及節(jié)流孔板內(nèi)部的氣固兩相湍流流動進(jìn)行了三維的數(shù)值模擬。通過對不同湍流模型、氣固兩相流模型以及群體平衡模型的學(xué)習(xí),最終選用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)k-ε模型模擬管件內(nèi)的湍流流動,利用Euler模型模擬管件內(nèi)的氣固兩相流動,選擇Lou模型作為顆粒間的聚并模型以及Ghadiri模型作為顆粒間的破碎模型。通過模擬得到如下結(jié)論:圓形管道中心處固體顆粒直徑最小,在靠近管道壁面附近顆粒直徑最大,隨著流動距離和進(jìn)口顆粒濃度的增加,出口處顆粒的直徑呈增大趨勢,管道的布置方式對固體顆粒的直徑變化也有很大的影響;計量分離器內(nèi)部存在著不同大小的低速區(qū)和漩渦區(qū),天然氣在主流方向上流動穩(wěn)定,在垂直于主流方向上存在著較強(qiáng)的二次流,同時內(nèi)部固體顆粒的直徑基本上在10μm以下,整體上固體顆粒的聚并作用較弱,故以重力沉降為主;天然氣流過節(jié)流孔板后形成尖峰狀的低溫區(qū),此低溫區(qū)隨著節(jié)流壓降和孔板直徑比的增大呈擴(kuò)大的趨勢,且最低溫度存在于管道的中心軸線上,工質(zhì)溫度沿徑向到管內(nèi)壁附近逐漸升高;流體經(jīng)過節(jié)流孔板之后,內(nèi)部固體顆粒的直徑迅速增大,其分布特點是:孔板下游的中軸線附近形成小直徑顆粒的尖峰,在尖峰的兩側(cè),形成一個顆粒直徑較大的區(qū)域,天然氣沿著管道繼續(xù)流動,最終達(dá)到穩(wěn)定的顆粒直徑分布狀態(tài),且顆粒直徑隨著孔板節(jié)流壓降和進(jìn)口顆粒濃度的增加以及孔板直徑比的減小呈增大趨勢。
[Abstract]:In the process of gathering and transporting high sulfur natural gas, solid particle deposition will occur in the gathering and transportation system, and the solid particle deposition will lead to the decrease of gathering and transportation capacity of the gathering and transportation system, and even the shutdown of production. Therefore, when natural gas passes through some typical pipe fittings such as metering separator, throttle plate (valve), manifold and three-way connection, the flow of gas and solid and the change and distribution of solid particle diameter are studied in the gathering and transportation system. It is of great significance to predict grain deposition, improve the safety level of natural gas gathering and transportation system, and ensure the stable operation of natural gas gathering and transportation system. In this paper, the three-dimensional numerical simulation of gas-solid two-phase turbulent flow in the straight pipe section, metering separator and orifice plate of natural gas gathering and transportation system is carried out by using CFD technology. Through the study of different turbulence models, gas-solid two-phase flow models and mass equilibrium models, the standard k- 蔚 model is used to simulate the turbulent flow in the tube fittings, and the Euler model is used to simulate the gas-solid two-phase flow in the tube fittings. Lou model is chosen as aggregation model and Ghadiri model as breakage model. The results show that the diameter of solid particles is the smallest at the center of circular pipeline and the largest near the wall of pipe. With the increase of flow distance and concentration of inlet particles, the diameter of particles at outlet increases. The arrangement of pipeline also has a great influence on the change of the diameter of solid particles. There are low speed regions and whirlpool regions in the metering separator, and the flow of natural gas is stable in the mainstream direction. There is a strong secondary flow in the direction perpendicular to the mainstream, and the diameter of the solid particles is basically less than 10 渭 m. The natural gas flows through the orifice plate to form a peak-like low temperature zone, which tends to expand with the increase of the throttling pressure drop and the diameter ratio of the orifice plate, and the lowest temperature exists on the central axis of the pipeline. The temperature of the working fluid increases gradually along the radial direction to the inner wall of the tube, and the diameter of the solid particles increases rapidly after the fluid passes through the orifice plate. The distribution characteristic is that the peak of the small diameter particles is formed near the central axis of the downstream of the orifice plate. On both sides of the peak, a region with a larger particle diameter is formed, and the natural gas continues to flow along the pipeline, finally reaching a stable particle diameter distribution state. The particle diameter increases with the increase of orifice pressure drop, inlet particle concentration and the decrease of orifice diameter ratio.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE863

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