【摘要】：針對(duì)油田開采等作業(yè)過程中產(chǎn)生的油田污水?dāng)?shù)量巨大,污染嚴(yán)重等特點(diǎn),本文介紹了油田污水各指標(biāo)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室分析測(cè)試方法,并通過此方法分析了延長(zhǎng)油田的3個(gè)污水處理站來水口處水樣。利用兩種非離子型乳化劑、白油、單體水溶液和醇配制了反相微乳液,并通過反相微乳聚合手段,以AM和DMDAAC為單體合成了絮凝劑,考察了引發(fā)劑類型和加量、反應(yīng)溫度及時(shí)間對(duì)聚合物的分子量的影響規(guī)律,找出了最佳的合成工藝。使用延長(zhǎng)油田永寧采油廠永寧站的污水,以絮體大小,濁度和COD去除率為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),對(duì)反相微乳液法合成的陽離子絮凝劑進(jìn)行性能評(píng)價(jià)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明反相微乳液工藝合成的陽離子絮凝劑比常規(guī)的絮凝劑性能較優(yōu)。文章使用合成的絮凝劑,利用微砂強(qiáng)化絮凝工藝來提升絮凝效果。通過正交試驗(yàn)對(duì)影響絮凝程度的因素進(jìn)行了排名。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:影響絮凝程度的主要因素排名依次是絮凝劑加量,微砂粒徑,微砂加量,p H。本文最后利用單因素分析法依次分析各個(gè)因素對(duì)絮凝效果的影響規(guī)律并確定了最佳的微砂強(qiáng)化絮凝工藝,實(shí)驗(yàn)表明使用最佳工藝處理后污水懸浮固體含量和懸浮物顆粒直徑中值都均已達(dá)到回注標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:In view of the large quantity and serious pollution of oilfield sewage produced in the process of oilfield exploitation, this paper introduces the laboratory analysis and test method of each index of oilfield sewage. Through this method, the water samples at the inlets of three sewage treatment stations in Yanchang Oilfield are analyzed. Reverse microemulsion was prepared by using two Nonionic emulsifiers, white oil, monomer aqueous solution and alcohol. The flocculant was synthesized with AM and DMDAAC as monomers by reverse microemulsion polymerization. The type and amount of initiator were investigated. The effect of reaction temperature and time on the molecular weight of polymer was studied. The performance of cationic flocculant synthesized by reverse microemulsion method was evaluated by using wastewater from Yongning station of Yanchang Oilfield Yongning Oil production Plant. The flocs size turbidity and COD removal rate were taken as evaluation indexes. The experimental results show that the cationic flocculant synthesized by reverse microemulsion is superior to the conventional flocculant. In this paper, the synthetic flocculant is used to enhance the flocculation effect. The factors influencing flocculation degree were ranked by orthogonal test. The experimental results show that the main factors affecting flocculation degree are flocculant dosage, particle size of micro-sand and the amount of micro-sand. In the end, single factor analysis method was used to analyze the influence of each factor on flocculation effect and the best flocculation process was determined. The experimental results show that both the suspended solids content and the median diameter of suspended solids have reached the standard of reinjection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X741;TQ317

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