【摘要】：固井水泥石長期處于井下高溫高壓工作環(huán)境,還通常遭受來自鉆采等工況帶來的載荷沖擊。然而,水泥石是一種天生硬、脆材料,形變能力差,因此容易在復(fù)雜應(yīng)力作用下?lián)p傷失效,喪失層間封固的作用。因此,常規(guī)水泥石難以在井下環(huán)境中長期服役,對井筒完整性的安全和管理帶來一定的隱患和潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。面對這一矛盾問題,論文以對水泥石力學(xué)特性進(jìn)行改造為出發(fā)點(diǎn),引入瀝青基材料到水泥漿體系中,對水泥石做韌性化改造,改善其變形協(xié)調(diào)能力,這項(xiàng)研究對保障油氣井長期開采的安全和質(zhì)量有一定的價(jià)值和意義。瀝青基材料用于油井水泥石力學(xué)改性是國內(nèi)首次嘗試,有必要開展系統(tǒng)的研究。 本文在對國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行充分調(diào)研的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室課題研究的條件,對石油瀝青進(jìn)行了改性處理,解決了瀝青與水泥漿的相容性問題,并對改性瀝青水泥漿體系的密度、流動(dòng)性、API濾失量、稠化時(shí)間、收縮性等工程性能影響規(guī)律進(jìn)行了測試,建議最佳摻量2%。 本文對瀝青水泥石抗壓強(qiáng)度、劈裂抗拉強(qiáng)度測試,得出了不同改性瀝青摻量的影響規(guī)律；對瀝青水泥石單軸、三軸、三軸循環(huán)應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變規(guī)律展開了實(shí)驗(yàn)和分析,實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了2%改性瀝青摻量下在軟化點(diǎn)溫度上下的應(yīng)力一應(yīng)變曲線變化規(guī)律,對實(shí)驗(yàn)參數(shù)彈性模量、泊松比、峰值應(yīng)力、峰值應(yīng)變等力學(xué)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了討論,定性分析了瀝青水泥石在變形過程中的改善程度。 為建立水泥石形變能力有效的評價(jià)方法,必須與水泥環(huán)層間封固性能相關(guān)�；谘芯康男枰�,開發(fā)一種水泥環(huán)力學(xué)損傷失效模擬裝置,探索了水泥環(huán)兩種不同的失效方式,以此建立兩個(gè)不同的力學(xué)形變參數(shù)來量化評價(jià)水泥環(huán)的層間封固能力。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)研究和理論分析,以脆性系數(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的形變參數(shù)C和以本構(gòu)方程為基礎(chǔ)的形變參數(shù)H建立了力學(xué)參數(shù)與水泥環(huán)層間封固能力之間的關(guān)系,這種新的評價(jià)方法適用于油井水泥石的力學(xué)完整性評價(jià),同時(shí)用C、H來評價(jià)瀝青水泥石的力學(xué)性能,證明瀝青水泥石的層間封固能力提高。 最后,利用X射線衍射儀、孔滲儀、電子掃描顯微鏡等微觀檢測手段,對瀝青材料改性水泥石的成分變化、孔滲特性、微觀結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行觀察分析實(shí)驗(yàn),并對水泥石力學(xué)改性機(jī)理進(jìn)行了闡述。 由此,論證結(jié)果表明瀝青的摻入確有大幅改善油井水泥環(huán)形變能力的作用,論文最后也提出了相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)建議,為瀝青水泥漿體系的進(jìn)一步研究、改進(jìn)和應(yīng)用奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Cementing cement stone is in the working environment of underground high temperature and high pressure for a long time, and it is usually subjected to load shock from drilling and production conditions. However, cement stone is a kind of natural hard, brittle material and poor deformation ability, so it is easy to damage and fail under complex stress and lose the effect of interlaminar sealing. Therefore, it is difficult for conventional cement stone to serve in underground environment for a long time, which brings some hidden trouble and potential risk to the safety and management of wellbore integrity. In the face of this contradiction, the paper takes the mechanical properties of cement stone as the starting point, introduces the asphalt base material into the cement slurry system, and improves the deformation coordination ability of the cement stone by making the toughness transformation of the cement stone. This study has certain value and significance to ensure the safety and quality of oil and gas wells. It is the first attempt to use asphalt base material in the modification of oil well cement stone, so it is necessary to carry out systematic research. In this paper, the petroleum asphalt was modified on the basis of the research status at home and abroad, and the compatibility between asphalt and cement slurry was solved. The effects of density, fluidity, API filtration, thickening time and shrinkage on the properties of modified asphalt cement slurry were tested, and the optimum dosage of 2 was suggested. In this paper, the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of asphalt cement stone are tested, and the influence law of different modified asphalt content is obtained, and the uniaxial and triaxial cyclic stress-strain law of asphalt cement stone is tested and analyzed. The variation law of stress-strain curve at softening point temperature of 2% modified asphalt was studied experimentally. The experimental parameters such as elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, peak stress, peak strain and other mechanical parameters were discussed, such as elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, peak stress, peak strain and so on. The improvement degree of asphalt cement stone during deformation is analyzed qualitatively. In order to establish an effective evaluation method of cement stone deformation ability, it must be related to cement ring interlaminar sealing performance. Based on the need of research, a mechanical damage simulation device for cement ring is developed, two different failure modes of cement ring are explored, and two different mechanical deformation parameters are established to quantitatively evaluate the interlaminar sealing ability of cement ring. Through experimental study and theoretical analysis, the relationship between mechanical parameters and cementing ability of cement ring is established by means of deformation parameter C based on brittleness coefficient and deformation parameter H based on constitutive equation. The new evaluation method is suitable for evaluating the mechanical integrity of oil well cement stone, and the mechanical properties of asphalt cement stone are evaluated by Con H, which proves that the interlayer sealing ability of asphalt cement stone is improved. Finally, by means of X-ray diffractometer, poroosmograph and electron scanning microscope, the composition change, pore permeability characteristics and microstructure of asphalt modified cement stone were observed and analyzed. The mechanism of mechanical modification of cement stone is expounded. As a result, the results show that the mixing of asphalt can greatly improve the annular ability of oil well cement. At last, the corresponding suggestions are put forward, which will lay a foundation for the further study, improvement and application of asphalt cement slurry system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE256

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本文編號：2230583