【摘要】：海洋油氣開發(fā)對保證我國能源需求,實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要的戰(zhàn)略意義。系泊系統(tǒng)作為浮式海洋開采平臺的重要組成部分,對保證平臺的安全運(yùn)行起到了關(guān)鍵性作用。在眾多類型的錨固基礎(chǔ)中,動力貫入錨的安裝操作簡便快捷,只需在自重作用下完成在水中的自由下落過程,并貫入海床地基中,具有較高的抗拔承載能力,是近年來深海采油平臺發(fā)展較快、更適合深水領(lǐng)域的錨固基礎(chǔ)。自提出動力貫入錨這一概念,針對動力錨在水中自由下落過程的水動力分析的研究相對較少,故研究其下落過程的水力學(xué)特性有著重要的理論意義和實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文采用有限元法,利用FLUENT流體計(jì)算力學(xué)軟件、流體力學(xué)理論對動力貫入錨的水中自由下落過程進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬,以期對實(shí)際深海油氣開采所用的錨固基礎(chǔ)的設(shè)計(jì)安裝提供依據(jù),研究內(nèi)容如下：(1)運(yùn)用流體力學(xué)的基本理論以及FLUENT模型理論,如連續(xù)性方程,動量方程,邊界層與繞流的概念、動網(wǎng)格模型等,對動力錨水中自由下落過程進(jìn)行動力分析,推導(dǎo)出基本的運(yùn)動微分方程,確定模擬計(jì)算所需要的模型,通過模擬鋼球的水中自由下落運(yùn)動,驗(yàn)證本文中所用模型、方法的正確性。(2)建立魚雷錨水中自由下落過程的模型,在同一流域模型下,采用三組不同網(wǎng)格細(xì)化程度的工況,研究網(wǎng)格細(xì)化、邊界層劃分方法對計(jì)算結(jié)果的影響,阻力系數(shù)隨雷諾數(shù)的變化,以及在穩(wěn)定加速度階段的阻力系數(shù)的值,并與已有的文獻(xiàn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對比分析。(3)建立板翼動力錨水中自由下落過程的模型,在同一流域模型下,采用三組錨體具有不同幾何形狀的工況進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,重點(diǎn)研究加載臂對沖擊速度、位移、轉(zhuǎn)角、定向穩(wěn)定性以及阻力系數(shù)的影響；阻力系數(shù)與終端速度的關(guān)系；給定阻力系數(shù)后預(yù)測板翼動力錨的速度、位移與時(shí)間的關(guān)系曲線。
[Abstract]:The development of offshore oil and gas has important strategic significance to ensure the energy demand of our country and realize the sustainable development of economy and society. As an important part of floating offshore mining platform, mooring system plays a key role in ensuring the safe operation of the platform. In many kinds of anchoring foundations, the installation of dynamic penetration anchors is simple and fast, and only need to complete the free fall process in water under the action of self-weight, and penetrate into the foundation of the seabed, so it has higher uplift bearing capacity. In recent years, the deep-sea oil recovery platform has developed rapidly and is more suitable for the Anchorage foundation in the deep water field. Since the concept of dynamic penetration anchor is put forward, there are few researches on hydrodynamic analysis of the free falling process of dynamic anchor in water, so it is of great theoretical significance and practical application value to study the hydrodynamic characteristics of the falling process. In this paper, using the finite element method and FLUENT fluid Computational Mechanics software, the hydrodynamics theory is used to numerically simulate the free falling process of the dynamic penetrating anchor in water. The research contents are as follows: (1) the basic theory of fluid mechanics and the theory of FLUENT model, such as continuity equation, momentum equation, boundary layer and flow around, are used to provide the basis for the design and installation of the anchor foundation used in the actual deep-sea oil and gas exploitation. The dynamic mesh model is used to analyze the free falling process of the dynamic anchor in water, and the basic differential equation of motion is deduced. The model needed for the simulation calculation is determined, and the free falling motion of the steel ball in the water is simulated by simulating the free falling motion of the steel ball. Verify the correctness of the model and method used in this paper. (2) establish the model of the free fall process of torpedo anchor water. Under the same watershed model, three groups of different mesh refinement working conditions are used to study the mesh refinement. The influence of boundary layer partition method on the calculation results, the variation of drag coefficient with Reynolds number, and the value of resistance coefficient at the stage of steady acceleration, The results are compared with the existing literatures and experimental results. (3) the model of the free falling process of the plate-wing dynamic anchor in water is established, and three groups of anchors with different geometric shapes are numerically simulated under the same watershed model. The effects of loading arm on impact velocity, displacement, rotation angle, directional stability and resistance coefficient, the relationship between resistance coefficient and terminal velocity, and the relationship between velocity, displacement and time of dynamic anchor are predicted.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE95

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