【摘要】：關(guān)于斷層相關(guān)裂縫的研究工作,目前國內(nèi)外相關(guān)領(lǐng)域在對斷層相關(guān)裂縫的特征及分布規(guī)律方面開展了大量的描述和統(tǒng)計工作,并取得了一些經(jīng)驗性的認(rèn)識,但是仍然存在諸多問題,斷層相關(guān)裂縫在油氣高產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用目前仍是一個難點。在斷層發(fā)展演化過程中總是伴隨著附近相關(guān)裂縫的形成和演化,由于地層巖石材料的復(fù)雜性,模擬地層巖石斷裂試驗存在諸多困難:目前天然裂縫的模擬產(chǎn)生主要采用“高溫加熱、自然冷卻”的方法在試件中隨機產(chǎn)生裂縫,難以預(yù)制裂紋;裂紋長度和分布密度難以測量。因此無法照搬金屬試件的測試規(guī)范研究斷層相關(guān)裂縫,須采用新方法。本文通過多組構(gòu)造物理模擬實驗、結(jié)合粒子成像測速技術(shù)等手段,從損傷力學(xué)的角度定義斷層相關(guān)裂縫的損傷變量(M),計算模擬各階段斷層相關(guān)裂縫損傷場,基于損傷變量研究斷層相關(guān)裂縫的分布規(guī)律,分析斷距大小、斷層演化規(guī)模、斷層部位等對斷層相關(guān)裂縫的控制作用,得到斷層相關(guān)裂縫的分布發(fā)育模式。結(jié)合涇河17井區(qū)長8段油藏天然裂縫的特征及成因,用損傷變量表征其天然裂縫的分布規(guī)律、劃分?jǐn)鄬痈浇鼡p傷場,評價天然裂縫分布預(yù)測結(jié)果。通過損傷分布對油氣產(chǎn)量的控制規(guī)律和油氣高產(chǎn)富集區(qū)的預(yù)測,研究斷層相關(guān)裂縫損傷刻畫及其在油氣高產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用,確定其在實例涇河17井區(qū)長8油藏斷層附近損傷分布和油氣高產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用效果。主要解決了斷層相關(guān)裂縫的精細刻畫;通過對斷層相關(guān)裂縫形成的力學(xué)機理的研究著重解決斷層相關(guān)裂縫的起裂與演化的控制機理;利用“損傷場”的概念預(yù)測了斷層相關(guān)裂縫的發(fā)育區(qū),為其形成演化和分布預(yù)測提供一定的理論基礎(chǔ);解決主要受與斷層相關(guān)裂縫控制的油氣藏的勘探方向問題,以及油氣高產(chǎn)控制作用問題;在斷層相關(guān)裂縫機理認(rèn)識、研究方法方面有新的進展和突破;能夠?qū)鄬酉嚓P(guān)的裂縫性油氣藏的勘探和高效開發(fā)工作提供一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:About the research work of fault related fractures, at present, a large number of description and statistics work have been carried out on the characteristics and distribution rules of fault related fractures in the relevant fields at home and abroad, and some experiential understandings have been obtained. However, there are still many problems. The application of fault-related fractures in oil-gas production is still a difficult point. In the process of fault development and evolution, the formation and evolution of related fractures in the vicinity are always accompanied by the complexity of strata and rock materials. There are many difficulties in simulating rock fracture test: at present, the method of "high temperature heating, natural cooling" is mainly used to simulate the formation of natural cracks in the samples, so it is difficult to preform cracks; Crack length and distribution density are difficult to measure. Therefore, a new method should be adopted to study the fault-related cracks, which can not be copied from the test code of the metal specimen. In this paper, by means of multi-group structural physical simulation experiments and particle imaging velocimetry, the damage variables of fault related cracks are defined from the point of view of damage mechanics, and the damage field of each stage of fault-related fractures is calculated and simulated by (M),. Based on the damage variables, the distribution law of fault related fractures is studied, and the distribution and development pattern of fault related fractures is obtained by analyzing the controlling effect of fault distance size, fault evolution scale and fault location on fault related fractures. Combined with the characteristics and causes of natural fractures in Chang 8 member reservoir of Jinghe well 17, the distribution of natural fractures is characterized by damage variables, the damage field near faults is divided, and the prediction results of distribution of natural fractures are evaluated. Based on the control law of damage distribution on oil and gas production and the prediction of oil and gas rich areas, the damage characterization of fault related fractures and its application in high oil and gas production are studied. Its application effect in fault distribution and high oil and gas production of Chang8 reservoir in Jinghe well 17 is determined. The fine characterization of fault related fractures is mainly solved, and the control mechanism of the initiation and evolution of fault related fractures is mainly solved by studying the mechanical mechanism of the formation of fault related fractures. By using the concept of "damage field", the authors predict the development area of fault-related fractures, provide a theoretical basis for their formation, evolution and distribution prediction, and solve the problem of exploration direction of oil and gas reservoirs mainly controlled by fault-related fractures. And the problem of controlling high oil and gas production; understanding of fault related fracture mechanism and research methods have new progress and breakthrough; it can provide some reference for the exploration and high efficiency development of fault-related fractured oil and gas reservoirs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TE31

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本文編號：2213817