混凝—超濾膜法用于乳化油分離的過程研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-29 11:00
【摘要】：目前我國大部分油田的開采已進(jìn)入高含水后期開采階段,原油含水率在30%～80%左右,有的甚至高達(dá)90%以上。由于每年產(chǎn)生的采油廢水量巨大,而且油田采出水的成分及性質(zhì)極其復(fù)雜,傳統(tǒng)的油田采出水處理工藝已不能滿足回注、回用或外排的要求。因此本文提出了利用混凝-超濾膜法聯(lián)用的工藝來處理油田采出水。本課題主要考察混凝-超濾膜法聯(lián)用工藝處理油田采出水中乳化油的效果。首先通過超聲波法制得顆粒分布均勻,較小且穩(wěn)定的乳化液。然后選用三種混凝劑Al2(SO4)3,FeCl3,AlCl3用于預(yù)處理過程,通過改變混凝劑用量和進(jìn)料液性狀來篩選出效果優(yōu)異的混凝劑,并對超濾膜在處理過程中操作參數(shù)的選擇及膜的污染情況進(jìn)行了研究。研究結(jié)果表明三氯化鐵對處理一定范圍內(nèi)pH值和溫度的油田采出水有更好的適應(yīng)性,對濁度及TOC(總有機(jī)碳)的去除效果也最好,對TOC的去除效率可以達(dá)到96%以上,但是TOC的最終含量都在23 mg/L以上。通過對比實(shí)驗(yàn)前后膜通量、TOC含量以及濁度值的變化,發(fā)現(xiàn)混凝-超濾膜法的聯(lián)用對TOC的去除效率可以達(dá)到99%以上,可以使得TOC的最終含量降低到13 mg/L以下,達(dá)到油田回注水的水質(zhì)要求。通過SEM,EDS等表面微觀分析手段,發(fā)現(xiàn)混凝-超濾膜的聯(lián)用在很大程度上減輕了膜污染的程度,保證膜通量在一段時間內(nèi)的穩(wěn)定性。在膜的分離過程中,在線周期性反沖洗可以有效地去除可逆性污染物沉積層,減緩膜的污染程度。本文采用每運(yùn)行20min后再進(jìn)行反沖洗60s的在線反沖洗方式進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明周期性的在線反沖洗可以降低水通量下降的速度,保證膜通量在一段時間內(nèi)的穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:At present, the exploitation of most oil fields in our country has entered the stage of high water cut in late stage, the water cut of crude oil is about 30% or 80% or even up to 90%. Because of the huge amount of oil recovery waste water produced every year and the complexity of the composition and properties of the produced water, the traditional treatment process of produced water in oil field can not meet the requirements of injection, reuse or discharge. Therefore, a combined coagulation-ultrafiltration process is proposed to treat oilfield produced water. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of coagulation-ultrafiltration process on emulsified oil in oilfield produced water. First of all, the particle distribution is uniform, small and stable emulsion is obtained by ultrasonic method. Then three kinds of coagulant Al2 (SO4) _ 3 FeCl _ 3O _ 3 ALCL _ 3 were used in the pretreatment process. The coagulant with excellent effect was screened by changing the dosage of coagulant and the characteristics of feed liquid. The selection of operating parameters and membrane fouling during the treatment of ultrafiltration membrane were studied. The results show that ferric chloride has better adaptability to treating produced water with pH value and temperature in a certain range, and the removal efficiency of turbidity and TOC (total organic carbon) is the best, and the removal efficiency of TOC can reach more than 96%. But the final content of TOC was above 23 mg/L. By comparing the changes of membrane flux and turbidity before and after the experiment, it was found that the combined use of coagulation and ultrafiltration membrane could achieve more than 99% removal efficiency of TOC, and the final content of TOC could be reduced to less than 13 mg/L. Meet the water quality requirements of oilfield water injection. By means of surface microanalysis such as SEM,EDS, it was found that the combined use of coagulation-ultrafiltration membrane greatly alleviated the degree of membrane fouling and ensured the stability of membrane flux for a period of time. In the process of membrane separation, on-line periodic backwashing can effectively remove the reversible pollutant deposit and slow down the fouling degree of the membrane. In this paper, the experimental results show that periodic online backwashing can reduce the speed of water flux decline and ensure the stability of membrane flux for a period of time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X741
本文編號：2211002
[Abstract]:At present, the exploitation of most oil fields in our country has entered the stage of high water cut in late stage, the water cut of crude oil is about 30% or 80% or even up to 90%. Because of the huge amount of oil recovery waste water produced every year and the complexity of the composition and properties of the produced water, the traditional treatment process of produced water in oil field can not meet the requirements of injection, reuse or discharge. Therefore, a combined coagulation-ultrafiltration process is proposed to treat oilfield produced water. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of coagulation-ultrafiltration process on emulsified oil in oilfield produced water. First of all, the particle distribution is uniform, small and stable emulsion is obtained by ultrasonic method. Then three kinds of coagulant Al2 (SO4) _ 3 FeCl _ 3O _ 3 ALCL _ 3 were used in the pretreatment process. The coagulant with excellent effect was screened by changing the dosage of coagulant and the characteristics of feed liquid. The selection of operating parameters and membrane fouling during the treatment of ultrafiltration membrane were studied. The results show that ferric chloride has better adaptability to treating produced water with pH value and temperature in a certain range, and the removal efficiency of turbidity and TOC (total organic carbon) is the best, and the removal efficiency of TOC can reach more than 96%. But the final content of TOC was above 23 mg/L. By comparing the changes of membrane flux and turbidity before and after the experiment, it was found that the combined use of coagulation and ultrafiltration membrane could achieve more than 99% removal efficiency of TOC, and the final content of TOC could be reduced to less than 13 mg/L. Meet the water quality requirements of oilfield water injection. By means of surface microanalysis such as SEM,EDS, it was found that the combined use of coagulation-ultrafiltration membrane greatly alleviated the degree of membrane fouling and ensured the stability of membrane flux for a period of time. In the process of membrane separation, on-line periodic backwashing can effectively remove the reversible pollutant deposit and slow down the fouling degree of the membrane. In this paper, the experimental results show that periodic online backwashing can reduce the speed of water flux decline and ensure the stability of membrane flux for a period of time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X741
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，本文編號：2211002
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