【摘要】：世界石油開采的發(fā)展趨勢是:地層結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、原油分布廣、儲存量大、產(chǎn)量高的油田會較早的進(jìn)入開采中后期,而地層結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、滲透低的油田開采困難且緩慢,最終導(dǎo)致其在油田開發(fā)中所占比重愈來愈大。目前,油田在注水開發(fā)的過程中,由于油層的非均質(zhì)性,使注入水及邊水、底水沿高滲透層部位不均勻地推進(jìn),在縱向上形成單層突進(jìn),在橫向上形成舌進(jìn),造成注入水提前突破,致使油井過早出水,甚至水淹,從而使低滲透部位不能發(fā)揮作用,降低了原油的采收率。為了讓這些開采困難的油田剩余油儲量能夠得到更有效的開發(fā),實現(xiàn)油田增產(chǎn),降低成本,提高開發(fā)效益,就必須提高注入流體的波及效率,提高剩余油動用程度。而氮氣泡沫驅(qū)技術(shù),就是一項以提高波及體積為主,增加洗油效率為輔,提高采收率為主要目標(biāo)的新技術(shù)。它是在注入前置段塞調(diào)整油層吸水剖面的基礎(chǔ)上,再注入后續(xù)段塞啟動殘余油,達(dá)到既“調(diào)”又“驅(qū)”的雙重作用。吸水剖面的改善可擴(kuò)大后續(xù)段塞的波及體積,后續(xù)段塞又可大大降低殘余油飽和度,提高驅(qū)油效率,最終達(dá)到提高采收率的目的。本文針對遼河油田高升采油廠坨33塊出現(xiàn)了部分油水井水竄現(xiàn)象,含水上升較快,采油速度降低,累積注采比較低,地層能量持續(xù)下降,注水井井口壓力持續(xù)升高,注水壓力接近裂縫延伸壓力,存在提高注水能力較困難等難題。為解決上述存在的問題,進(jìn)行了坨33塊油藏氮氣泡沫驅(qū)礦場試驗。
[Abstract]:The development trend of world petroleum exploitation is: the formation structure is simple, the crude oil distribution is wide, the storage quantity is large, the oil field with high production will enter the middle and late stage of production earlier, and the formation structure is complex, the oil field with low permeability is difficult and slow to develop. Finally, it accounts for more and more in oilfield development. At present, in the process of water injection development, due to the heterogeneity of the reservoir, the injected water and the edge water and the bottom water are pushed unevenly along the high permeability zone, forming a single layer protruding in the longitudinal direction and the tongue entering in the transverse direction. It causes the injection water to break ahead of time, causes the oil well to leave the water too early, even water flooded, thus makes the low permeability position unable to play its role, and reduces the oil recovery factor. In order for these remaining oil reserves to be developed more effectively, to increase oil production, to reduce costs and to improve development efficiency, it is necessary to improve the sweep efficiency of injected fluid and increase the degree of remaining oil production. The technology of nitrogen foam flooding is a new technology, which is mainly aimed at increasing sweep volume, increasing oil washing efficiency and improving oil recovery. It is based on adjusting the water absorption profile of the reservoir by the pre-injection slug, and then injecting the residual oil into the subsequent slug to achieve the dual function of "regulating" and "driving". The improvement of water absorption profile can enlarge the sweep volume of the subsequent slug, and the subsequent slug can greatly reduce the residual oil saturation, improve the oil displacement efficiency, and finally achieve the purpose of increasing oil recovery. In this paper, some oil and water well water channeling appears in Tuo33 block of Gaisheng Oil production Plant in Liaohe Oilfield. The water cut rises rapidly, the oil recovery rate decreases, the cumulative injection and production rate is lower, the formation energy continues to decrease, and the wellhead pressure of water injection wells increases continuously. The water injection pressure is close to the fracture extension pressure, so it is difficult to improve the water injection capacity. In order to solve the above problems, the field test of nitrogen foam flooding in Tuo 33 reservoir was carried out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE357.46

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