【摘要】：儲(chǔ)層綜合評(píng)價(jià)是指導(dǎo)油氣勘探與開發(fā)的重要工作,通常被劃分為勘探、開發(fā)兩個(gè)階段,其中勘探階段主要應(yīng)用研究區(qū)地質(zhì)與地震資料,并結(jié)合少量的鉆井與測(cè)井技術(shù),對(duì)研究區(qū)內(nèi)可能的油氣儲(chǔ)層進(jìn)行合理劃分。儲(chǔ)層評(píng)價(jià)過程中的核心問題包括:評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)的確定及其在評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)體系中的權(quán)重分配問題,儲(chǔ)層綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法的選擇等。低滲透油田在我國儲(chǔ)量豐富,且分布范圍廣泛,但至今為止其開采量還很有限。本文的研究區(qū)是姬塬地區(qū)、層位是長2油組,它位于鄂爾多斯盆地偏西北部,該區(qū)油田開發(fā)以低孔、低滲為主要特征。由于單因素評(píng)價(jià)的局限性,需要建立一套適合低滲透儲(chǔ)層特征的評(píng)價(jià)體系,因此,本文根據(jù)該區(qū)實(shí)際地質(zhì)狀況,通過具體分析,優(yōu)選了滲透率、孔隙度、可流動(dòng)體飽和度、主流喉道半徑、最大孔隙半徑、分選系數(shù)、粘土含量及類型、啟動(dòng)壓力梯度、地下原油粘度、最大汞飽和度、排驅(qū)壓力等評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)來進(jìn)行下一步的研究。在上述儲(chǔ)層評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上,本文建立了兩種儲(chǔ)層綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法,分別是:(1)低滲透儲(chǔ)層模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)模型,主要包括:通過層次分析法確定評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)的權(quán)重并分別對(duì)各參數(shù)進(jìn)行靈敏度分析,最終通過對(duì)分類結(jié)果的分析與驗(yàn)證,將該區(qū)儲(chǔ)層劃分成了四種類型;(2)基于數(shù)據(jù)挖掘的低滲透儲(chǔ)層綜合評(píng)價(jià)模型,主要包括:用多元統(tǒng)計(jì)分析中的因子分析優(yōu)選參數(shù),再結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)挖掘中四種不同聚類方法在該區(qū)應(yīng)用效果的對(duì)比分析,選擇最適合的聚類方法進(jìn)行儲(chǔ)層劃分,并對(duì)所用算法進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)定性,然后通過判別分析,完善所有樣本的歸屬類型,該方法將研究區(qū)儲(chǔ)層也劃分為四種類型。在儲(chǔ)層評(píng)價(jià)過程中,借助SPSS、Matlab等計(jì)算機(jī)軟件對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理,大大的減小了主觀因素的影響。通過分析、比較兩種綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法的劃分結(jié)果,得出以下結(jié)論:該區(qū)均以Ⅱ類儲(chǔ)層類型為主,所占比例最小的是Ⅳ類儲(chǔ)層,并且,在長312與長222小層中Ⅰ類儲(chǔ)層也較發(fā)育,其劃分符合實(shí)際地質(zhì)特征。從而驗(yàn)證了這兩種分析方法的合理性、有效性。
[Abstract]:Reservoir comprehensive evaluation is an important work to guide oil and gas exploration and development, which is usually divided into two stages: exploration and development, in which the geological and seismic data of the study area are mainly used in the exploration stage, and a small amount of drilling and logging techniques are combined. The possible oil and gas reservoirs in the study area are reasonably divided. The core problems in the process of reservoir evaluation include the determination of evaluation parameters and their weight distribution in the evaluation parameter system, the selection of reservoir comprehensive evaluation methods and so on. Low permeability oil fields are rich in reserves and widely distributed in China, but their exploitation is still very limited up to now. The study area of this paper is Jiyuan area, and the horizon is Chang 2 oil formation, which is located in the northwestern part of Ordos Basin. The oil field development in this area is characterized by low porosity and low permeability. Because of the limitation of single factor evaluation, it is necessary to set up a set of evaluation system suitable for the characteristics of low permeability reservoir. Therefore, according to the actual geological conditions in this area, the permeability, porosity and saturation of flowing body are selected according to the actual geological conditions in this area. The main flow throat radius, maximum pore radius, separation coefficient, clay content and type, starting pressure gradient, underground oil viscosity, maximum mercury saturation, displacement pressure and other evaluation parameters were further studied. On the basis of the above reservoir evaluation parameters, two reservoir comprehensive evaluation methods are established in this paper. They are: (1) fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of low permeability reservoir; The main contents are as follows: the weight of evaluation parameters is determined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and sensitivity analysis of each parameter is carried out respectively, and finally, through the analysis and verification of classification results, The reservoir in this area is divided into four types: (2) the comprehensive evaluation model of low permeability reservoir based on data mining, which mainly includes: factor analysis in multivariate statistical analysis, Combined with the comparative analysis of the application effect of four different clustering methods in data mining in this area, the most suitable clustering method is selected for reservoir division, and the stability of the algorithm is given, and then the discriminant analysis is carried out. The classification of all samples is improved and the reservoir in the study area is divided into four types by this method. In the process of reservoir evaluation, the influence of subjective factors is greatly reduced by using SPSS Matlab and other computer software to process the data. Through the analysis and comparison of the results of the two comprehensive evaluation methods, the following conclusions are drawn: the type 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2185199