【摘要】：低滲透油田儲(chǔ)量豐富,合理的井網(wǎng)部署并制定精細(xì)注水方案對(duì)于高效開發(fā)低滲透油田具有重要意義。針對(duì)低滲透油藏的特點(diǎn),開展了研究區(qū)兩相滲流規(guī)律研究,分別研究了儲(chǔ)層物性、流體性質(zhì)、開發(fā)條件對(duì)含水變化規(guī)律、驅(qū)油效率及儲(chǔ)層動(dòng)用難易程度的影響。油藏工程方面,建立了含水與采出程度的關(guān)系曲線,利用雙狐數(shù)字化軟件建立了含水率平面分布圖,并分析了縱向含水率變化規(guī)律;應(yīng)用油藏工程方法建立了無因次采油、采液指數(shù)隨含水率變化的數(shù)學(xué)模型,研究表明不同開發(fā)階段,提高產(chǎn)液量對(duì)油井增產(chǎn)效果不同;提供了計(jì)算低滲透油藏采收率的新方法,引入井網(wǎng)系數(shù)概念,考慮因素更全面、準(zhǔn)確。在油藏工程研究基礎(chǔ)上,建立了研究區(qū)的數(shù)值模型,制定了適合于低滲油藏開發(fā)的合理井網(wǎng)部署方案。通過謝爾卡喬夫公式及曲線交匯法,計(jì)算出經(jīng)濟(jì)極限井網(wǎng)密度與經(jīng)濟(jì)合理井網(wǎng)密度,在極限井網(wǎng)密度約束下,應(yīng)用數(shù)值模型對(duì)研究區(qū)井距、排距、井排方向與裂縫夾角、井網(wǎng)形式進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,得出最佳井網(wǎng)部署方案。在數(shù)值模型及井網(wǎng)部署基礎(chǔ)上,制定合理的精細(xì)注水方案。通過建立影響注水量因素的隸屬度函數(shù),與權(quán)重相結(jié)合得出注水量向單井及向?qū)佣蔚呐?數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果表明,該分層注水方案較籠統(tǒng)注水具有較好的優(yōu)越性;應(yīng)用油藏工程方法與數(shù)值模擬方法相結(jié)合對(duì)不同超前注水量下地層壓力保持水平、合理的超前注水時(shí)機(jī)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化;注采比方面,應(yīng)用物質(zhì)平衡方程建立了地層壓力恢復(fù)速度與儲(chǔ)層物性、壓縮系數(shù)、注采比、含水率關(guān)系的數(shù)學(xué)模型,數(shù)值模擬方法預(yù)測(cè)不同方案的開發(fā)指標(biāo),以含水上升速度、采收率等指標(biāo)為約束,優(yōu)選合理注采比;采油速度方面,利用動(dòng)、靜態(tài)參數(shù)與數(shù)值模擬法相結(jié)合計(jì)算研究區(qū)合理采油速度。研究表明地層壓力保持在原始地層壓力的1.20倍,超前注水量46823m3,超前注水6個(gè)月,注入強(qiáng)度1.91m3/(d·m),注采比為1.7,采油速度為1.4%時(shí)具有較好的開發(fā)效果。研究結(jié)果對(duì)低滲透油藏合理高效開發(fā)、提高采收率及經(jīng)濟(jì)效益具有重要指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Low permeability oil field is rich in reserves. It is important to develop low permeability oil field with reasonable well pattern arrangement and fine water injection scheme. According to the characteristics of low permeability reservoirs, the two-phase percolation law in the study area is studied, and the effects of reservoir physical properties, fluid properties and development conditions on water cut variation, oil displacement efficiency and reservoir production difficulty are studied respectively. In reservoir engineering, the relation curve between water cut and recovery degree is established, the plane distribution map of water cut is established by using double fox digital software, and the variation law of longitudinal water cut is analyzed, and the dimensionless oil recovery is established by reservoir engineering method. The mathematical model of fluid recovery index varying with water cut shows that increasing liquid production rate has different effects on oil well production in different development stages, and provides a new method to calculate oil recovery factor in low permeability reservoir. The concept of well pattern coefficient is introduced, and the factors are considered more comprehensively. Accurate. On the basis of reservoir engineering research, the numerical model of the study area is established, and a reasonable well pattern arrangement scheme suitable for low permeability reservoir development is established. The economic limit well pattern density and the economical reasonable well pattern density are calculated by using the Shelkashev formula and the curve intersection method. Under the restriction of the limit well pattern density, the well spacing, well row direction and fracture angle of the study area are analyzed by using numerical model. The pattern of well pattern is optimized, and the optimal layout of well pattern is obtained. On the basis of numerical model and well pattern arrangement, reasonable fine water injection scheme was established. By establishing the membership function of the factors affecting the water injection rate and combining with the weight, the split of the single well and the direction interval of the water injection rate is obtained. The numerical simulation results show that the stratified water injection scheme has better superiority than the general water injection scheme. The reservoir engineering method and numerical simulation method are used to optimize the formation pressure and reasonable timing of water injection under different advance water injection rates, and the injection-production ratio, The mathematical model of the relationship between formation pressure recovery velocity and reservoir physical properties, compression coefficient, injection-production ratio, water cut is established by using the material balance equation. The development indexes of different schemes are predicted by numerical simulation method. The rational injection-production ratio is optimized and the dynamic and static parameters are combined with the numerical simulation method to calculate the reasonable oil recovery rate in the study area. The results show that the formation pressure is 1.20 times of the original formation pressure, the advance injection rate is 46823m3, the injection intensity 1.91m3/ (d m), injection-production ratio is 1.7, and the oil recovery rate is 1.4. The results are of great significance for the rational and efficient development of low permeability reservoirs and the improvement of oil recovery and economic benefits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TE357.6

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