【摘要】：隨著提高采收率技術在油田的應用,采出液的成分和物性越來越復雜化,致使對油分離技術提出更高要求。臥式沉降罐是廣泛應用于油田生產的油水分離設備之一,其分離效率影響因素的定量研究成果可直接指導油田生產。由于臥式沉降罐內部內部流體存在較復雜的流動特征,外加試驗研究的成本太大,出于對以上兩點的考慮,本文決定借助Fluent流體軟件來完成研究內容�；诹黧w動力學相關理論建立了臥式沉降罐的數(shù)學模型,采用多相流歐拉分析方法,結合Realizable k-?模型對臥式沉降罐內部的流場進行了數(shù)值模擬,得到了油水兩相流在沉降罐內部的分布情況及油水分離效率。本文針對臥式沉降罐內部流體在三種油滴直徑、三種油相粘度以及三種入口流速的九個工礦進行了數(shù)值模擬,數(shù)值模擬的結果顯示:油滴直徑越大,臥式沉降罐內部油水分離效率越高。原因在于通過斯托克其公式可知,油滴在油水兩相流中的上浮速度與其直徑成正比,油滴直徑越大,其上浮速度越大,油水分離效率越高;油相粘度越大,臥式沉降罐內部油水分離效率越低。原因在于油相粘度增大后,增大了油滴上浮的阻力,增強了水相的攜油能力,使得油水分離難度增大,導致油水分離效率降低;臥式沉降罐入口流速越大,臥式沉降罐內部油水分離效率越低。原因在于油水分離是一個動態(tài)過程,需要充分的時間。入口流速增加后,導致油水混合物在臥式沉降罐中停留的時間變短,使得油相無法在沉降罐中依靠重力作用進行充分沉降,沉降時間的減少降低了油水分離效率。
[Abstract]:With the application of enhanced oil recovery technology in oil fields, the composition and physical properties of produced fluids are becoming more and more complicated, resulting in higher requirements for oil separation technology. Horizontal settling tank is one of the oil-water separation equipment widely used in oilfield production. The quantitative research results of the factors affecting the separation efficiency can direct the production of oil field. Due to the complex flow characteristics of the fluid in the horizontal settling tank and the high cost of the additional experimental study, this paper decides to complete the research with the help of Fluent fluid software for the consideration of the above two points. Based on the theory of hydrodynamics, the mathematical model of horizontal settling tank is established. The multi-phase flow Euler analysis method and Realizable k-? The numerical simulation of the flow field in the horizontal settling tank is carried out, and the distribution of oil-water two-phase flow in the settling tank and the efficiency of oil-water separation are obtained. In this paper, the numerical simulation of fluid flow in three kinds of oil droplet diameter, three oil phase viscosity and three inlet velocity in nine industrial mines is carried out. The results of numerical simulation show that the larger the oil droplet diameter is, the larger the oil droplet diameter is. The higher the separation efficiency of oil and water in horizontal settling tank. The reason is that the floating velocity of oil droplet in oil-water two-phase flow is proportional to its diameter through Stoker's formula. The larger the diameter of oil droplet, the higher the floatation speed, the higher the separation efficiency of oil and water, and the higher the viscosity of oil phase. The lower the separation efficiency of oil and water in horizontal settling tank is. The reason is that when the viscosity of oil phase increases, the resistance of oil droplet floating is increased, the oil carrying capacity of water phase is enhanced, the difficulty of separating oil from water is increased, and the efficiency of oil water separation is reduced. The higher the inlet velocity of horizontal settling tank is, The lower the separation efficiency of oil and water in horizontal settling tank is. The reason is that oil-water separation is a dynamic process and requires sufficient time. With the increase of inlet velocity, the residence time of oil / water mixture in horizontal settling tank becomes shorter, and the oil phase can not be fully settled by gravity in the settling tank, and the reduction of settling time reduces the separation efficiency of oil and water.
【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE931.1

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