【摘要】：隨著各油田的主力厚油層的產(chǎn)能下降，為維持產(chǎn)能，開始對(duì)薄差油層的油藏進(jìn)行開采，在鉆井開采時(shí)，由于其井下儲(chǔ)層多且各儲(chǔ)層間距大，需要分別對(duì)每個(gè)儲(chǔ)層進(jìn)行射孔，因而提出了多級(jí)射孔作業(yè)的需求。射孔過程中的井下的壓力變化是用于評(píng)判射孔效果的關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)，目前的井下壓力測(cè)試儀器多為封閉的存儲(chǔ)式測(cè)量，其壓力數(shù)據(jù)獲取的滯后性已使得其無法滿足多元化智能射孔的施工需求，本文對(duì)油井智能多級(jí)選發(fā)射孔技術(shù)展開討論研究，設(shè)計(jì)了油井智能多級(jí)選發(fā)射孔系統(tǒng)，將多級(jí)射孔技術(shù)與井下壓力獲取技術(shù)進(jìn)行結(jié)合，將單芯測(cè)井電纜作為供電、控制及數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)妮d體，使射孔完井工藝更為便捷、高效，實(shí)現(xiàn)了射孔工藝的智能化。在對(duì)油井智能多級(jí)選發(fā)射孔系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)過程中主要做了以下幾個(gè)方面的工作： (1)了解油田生產(chǎn)工作中的實(shí)際需求，然后通過對(duì)射孔、壓力采集、電纜通信三個(gè)方面的國內(nèi)外技術(shù)發(fā)展情況進(jìn)行分析以確定系統(tǒng)整體設(shè)計(jì)方案； (2)對(duì)長距離單芯電纜建立雙線傳輸模型，通過軟件仿真其頻率響應(yīng)特性，并設(shè)計(jì)電纜模擬器進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，，選定通信方案； (3)根據(jù)通信方案設(shè)計(jì)遙傳短節(jié)單元，并詳細(xì)討論了其設(shè)計(jì)思路及工作原理； (4)分析沖擊片雷管及磁電雷管起爆條件設(shè)計(jì)雷管起爆器，并對(duì)其耐高溫及抗沖擊特性進(jìn)行針對(duì)性設(shè)計(jì)； (5)對(duì)系統(tǒng)的兼容特性進(jìn)行研究，解決了其電磁兼容及供電電壓兼容方面的問題;
[Abstract]:As the productivity of the main thick reservoir in each oilfield decreases, in order to maintain the productivity, the reservoir of thin and differential reservoir is developed. When drilling and producing, it is necessary to perforate each reservoir because of the large underground reservoir and the large interval between the reservoirs. Therefore, the requirement of multistage perforation is put forward. The change of downhole pressure during perforation is the key index to evaluate the perforation effect. The lag of pressure data acquisition has made it unable to meet the requirements of diversified intelligent perforation. This paper discusses and studies the technology of intelligent multi-stage perforation in oil wells, and designs the intelligent multi-stage perforating hole selection system for oil wells. The multistage perforation technology is combined with the downhole pressure acquisition technology, and the single core logging cable is used as the carrier of power supply, control and data transmission, which makes the perforation completion process more convenient and efficient, and realizes the intellectualization of perforation technology. In the process of designing intelligent multi-stage perforation system of oil well, the following aspects are mainly done: (1) to understand the actual requirements of oilfield production, and then through perforation, pressure acquisition, The development of three aspects of cable communication technology at home and abroad is analyzed to determine the overall design of the system. (2) to establish a two-wire transmission model for long distance single-core cable, and to simulate its frequency response characteristics by software. The cable simulator is designed to verify, and the communication scheme is selected. (3) according to the communication scheme, the remote transmission section unit is designed, and its design idea and working principle are discussed in detail. (4) the design of detonator for shock flaser and magnetoelectric detonator is analyzed, and the characteristics of high temperature resistance and shock resistance are designed. (5) the compatible characteristics of the system are studied. The problems of electromagnetic compatibility and power supply voltage compatibility are solved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE925.3

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