【摘要】：高能氣體壓裂(HEGF)技術可以克服我國水利資源短缺對頁巖氣開發(fā)的限制,為頁巖氣開發(fā)提供支持,針對頁巖氣儲層基質(zhì)中廣泛分布納米級孔隙的特點和高能氣體壓裂裂縫特征,以及吸附氣體的存在和氣體流動形式復雜的情況,本文基于Langmuir等溫吸附方程、Polanyi吸附理論、FHH吸附理論推導得到三種吸附厚度計算公式,通過Knudsen數(shù)表示出劃分流動形式的臨界孔道直徑,利用質(zhì)量通量物理意義推導得到表征基質(zhì)中多種流動形式共存時氣相表觀滲透率,在微分方程中加入氣體解吸項進行修正后得到了頁巖氣藏水平井HEGF裂縫網(wǎng)絡滲流模型,求解并進行了參數(shù)分析,主要得到以下結論:(1)吸附氣體厚度隨著壓力升高而增大并逐漸穩(wěn)定,三種吸附厚度計算方法具有不同適用性;(2)在儲層條件下,劃分不同氣體流動形式的臨界孔道直徑不受溫度影響,壓力較小時,臨界孔隙直徑隨壓力增加而迅速減小,當壓力增大到25MPa以上時,該值趨于穩(wěn)定;(3)表觀滲透率隨壓力增加而減小,而考慮吸附情況下,使得該值相對更小,在儲層壓力下,考慮吸附的表觀滲透率減小量為13%左右;另外表觀滲透率受流動形式影響大,單一Fick擴散表觀滲透率比單一滑脫流動表觀滲透率小2個數(shù)量級;(4)頁巖氣生產(chǎn)影響因素分析可知:①在定產(chǎn)量條件下,基質(zhì)與裂縫滲透率越高、垂直裂縫長度越長、寬度越大,所需要的生產(chǎn)壓差越小;②Langmuir體積與Langmuir壓力越大,儲層壓力下降越緩慢;③人工改造區(qū)域長度比例越大、儲層形狀因子越大,在定產(chǎn)量條件下,井底壓力下降幅度越小;④頁巖氣井生產(chǎn)壓差與裂縫滲透率和人工改造區(qū)域長度比例存在非線性負相關關系,追求過高滲透率裂縫和過大比例的改造體積并不可取。
[Abstract]:High-energy gas fracturing (HEGF) technology can overcome the limitation of water resources shortage on shale gas development in China and provide support for shale gas development. Aiming at the characteristics of widely distributed nano-pore in shale gas reservoir matrix and fracture characteristics of high-energy gas fracturing. Based on the Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation and the Langmuir adsorption theory, three kinds of formulas for calculating the adsorption thickness are derived. The critical pore diameters of flow form are expressed by Knudsen number, and the gas phase apparent permeability is derived by using the physical meaning of mass flux to characterize the coexistence of multiple flow forms in the matrix. After the gas desorption term is added to the differential equation, the seepage model of HEGF fracture network in horizontal well of shale gas reservoir is obtained, and the parameter analysis is carried out. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the thickness of adsorbed gas increases with the increase of pressure and gradually stabilizes. The critical pore diameter of different gas flow forms is not affected by temperature. When the pressure is small, the critical pore diameter decreases rapidly with the increase of pressure, and when the pressure increases above 25MPa, the critical pore diameter decreases rapidly. (3) the apparent permeability decreases with the increase of the pressure, but it is smaller when the adsorption is considered, and the apparent permeability decreases by about 13% under the reservoir pressure. In addition, the apparent permeability is greatly affected by the flow form, and the apparent permeability of single Fick diffusion is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of single slippage flow. (4) the analysis of the influencing factors of shale gas production shows that under the condition of constant production, the apparent permeability of single Fick diffusion is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of single slippage flow. The higher the permeability of matrix and fracture is, the longer the vertical fracture length is and the wider the width is. The smaller the production pressure difference is, the bigger the volume of Langmuir and the pressure of Langmuir are. The bigger the reservoir shape factor is, the smaller the downhole pressure drop is, the negative nonlinear relationship exists between the production pressure difference and fracture permeability and the ratio of artificial revamping area length. It is not advisable to pursue too high permeability fractures and too large proportion of reconstruction volume.
【學位授予單位】：西安石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE31

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