【摘要】：管道的鋪設(shè)是復(fù)雜而宏大的工程,需要面臨很多問(wèn)題,這里就包括地質(zhì)災(zāi)害。我國(guó)又是一個(gè)地震地質(zhì)災(zāi)害多發(fā)國(guó)家,管道在建設(shè)和運(yùn)行過(guò)程中,不可避免的要經(jīng)過(guò)那些地震比較頻繁的地區(qū),為了有效的預(yù)防這些問(wèn)題,就需要加大科研力度。當(dāng)然,大地震對(duì)管道的破壞是毋庸置疑的,而微震或弱震對(duì)管道的影響卻往往被人們忽視,最后卻造成不可估量的重大損失。因此,研究鋼制管道在微震或弱震作用下的各種變化就有了很大的工程意義。本論文在研究過(guò)程中涉及到了很多學(xué)科的知識(shí),特別是地質(zhì)學(xué)、工程力學(xué)和斷裂力學(xué)這幾個(gè)學(xué)科的知識(shí)運(yùn)用的最多。此外,在分析過(guò)程中,主要運(yùn)用了彈塑性力學(xué)和有限元方法。先是建立了要研究的管道模型,接下來(lái)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算機(jī)模擬仿真。做的主要工作為:本文首先論述了國(guó)內(nèi)外目前關(guān)于管道的研究的背景和意義,抗震研究等方面國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究概況,提出了本文所要研究的主要內(nèi)容,并且對(duì)新疆地震災(zāi)害、地質(zhì)氣候、管道運(yùn)輸、有限元、ANSYS以及地震研究方法進(jìn)行分析,從而得到各項(xiàng)研究需要的數(shù)據(jù),最后還對(duì)裂紋擴(kuò)展的應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度因子進(jìn)行了模擬研究。其次,通過(guò)獲得的數(shù)據(jù)建立有限元模型,在低溫環(huán)境中對(duì)管道施加不同的地震載荷,分別對(duì)地上和地下兩種形式的輸油和輸氣管道進(jìn)行計(jì)算機(jī)模擬分析,并且對(duì)有初始裂紋的管道和無(wú)缺陷管道進(jìn)行模擬對(duì)比分析,還有就是對(duì)埋地管道的管土相互作用模型進(jìn)行分析。最后,結(jié)果分析:沿X方向(橫向)加載地震載荷對(duì)管道的影響要明顯大于沿Y方向(縱向)加載地震載荷對(duì)管道的影響;裂紋的擴(kuò)展與載荷的方向有極大的關(guān)系,在施加的力與裂紋方向相垂直時(shí),裂紋的擴(kuò)展要比平行時(shí)大得多;沙土作為填土比黃土要好一點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Pipeline laying is a complex and grand project that needs to face many problems, including geological hazards. China is also a country prone to seismic and geological disasters, pipeline in the construction and operation of the process, inevitably through those areas where earthquakes are more frequent, in order to effectively prevent these problems, we need to strengthen scientific research. Of course, there is no doubt about the destruction of pipelines caused by large earthquakes, but the effects of microearthquakes or weak earthquakes on pipelines are often ignored, resulting in incalculable losses. Therefore, it is of great engineering significance to study the variation of steel pipeline under the action of micro-earthquake or weak earthquake. In this paper, the knowledge of many disciplines is involved, especially the knowledge of geology, engineering mechanics and fracture mechanics. In addition, elastoplastic mechanics and finite element method are mainly used in the process of analysis. First, the pipeline model to be studied is established, and then the computer simulation is carried out. The main work is as follows: firstly, this paper discusses the background and significance of pipeline research at home and abroad, seismic research and other aspects at home and abroad, puts forward the main contents of this paper, and the earthquake disaster in Xinjiang. The geological climate, pipeline transportation, finite element method ANSYS and seismic research methods were analyzed to obtain the data needed for the study. Finally, the stress intensity factors of crack growth were simulated. Secondly, the finite element model is established through the obtained data, and different seismic loads are applied to the pipeline in low temperature environment, and the two forms of oil and gas pipeline are simulated and analyzed by computer respectively. The pipeline with initial crack and the pipeline without defect are simulated and analyzed, and the pipe-soil interaction model of buried pipeline is analyzed. Finally, the results are analyzed: the influence of seismic loading along X direction (transverse) on pipeline is obviously greater than that on pipeline by loading seismic load along Y direction (longitudinal direction), and the crack propagation is closely related to the direction of load. When the applied force is perpendicular to the direction of the crack, the crack propagation is much larger than when the crack is parallel, and the sand is a little better than the loess as a filling.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE973

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本文編號(hào)：2161792