【摘要】：隨著油田開發(fā)的不斷深入,油田深抽開發(fā)需求加大。然而現(xiàn)有的小泵深抽技術(shù)難以滿足當(dāng)前深抽需求,而且大泵深抽又無法通過常規(guī)的有桿泵舉升來實(shí)現(xiàn)。減載深抽技術(shù)的出現(xiàn),一定程度上地解決了深抽難題,但減載深抽井桿柱受力更為復(fù)雜,如何進(jìn)行深抽桿柱設(shè)計(jì)及減載深抽參數(shù)優(yōu)選來滿足深抽需求的問題亟待解決。針對目前減載深抽過程中出現(xiàn)的問題,基于減載器結(jié)構(gòu)原理的研究,建立出減載力的計(jì)算模型,研究加裝減載器的深抽油井井筒流體的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,確定其對桿柱受力的影響;分別建立出加裝減載器及使用減載深抽泵的抽油桿柱力學(xué)模型,以及懸點(diǎn)載荷計(jì)算模型;確立了減載深抽井桿柱設(shè)計(jì)方法;在此基礎(chǔ)上,編制“有桿泵減載深抽技術(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)軟件”,能夠針對不同減載深抽技術(shù)和不同深抽需求,對有桿泵減載深抽系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),為減載深抽井優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供依據(jù)。通過示例井的設(shè)計(jì)分析,結(jié)果表明:不同型號的減載器均存在一個(gè)安全的下入深度;減載器及減載深抽泵均可實(shí)現(xiàn)減載深抽效果,且極限下泵深度與大、小柱塞組合的面積差有關(guān)。針對現(xiàn)場使用過程中出現(xiàn)的減載深抽井桿柱疲勞壽命變短的現(xiàn)象,利用有限元軟件ABAQUS及疲勞壽命軟件fe-safe進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證分析,給出減載器使用過程中的下入深度要求,即在達(dá)到深抽要求的前提下,盡量降低減載器的下入深度,避免在桿柱中間位置安裝減載器,改善桿柱應(yīng)力狀態(tài),延長桿柱使用壽命。
[Abstract]:With the development of oil field, the demand for deep pumping is increasing. However, the existing deep pumping technology of small pump is difficult to meet the demand of current deep pumping, and the deep pumping of large pump can not be realized by conventional rod pump lift. The emergence of the technology of reducing load and deep pumping solves the problem of deep pumping to a certain extent, but the force of rod string is more complicated, so how to design the deep pumping rod and how to select the optimum parameters to meet the demand of deep pumping should be solved urgently. In view of the existing problems in the process of deep pumping, based on the research of the structure principle of the reducer, the calculation model of the load reducing force is established, and the movement law of the fluid in the deep pumping well with the load reducer is studied, and the influence of the load reducer on the stress on the rod string is determined. The mechanical model of sucker rod string and the calculation model of suspension load are established respectively, and the design method of rod string is established. The software of optimization design of rod pump load reduction and deep pumping technology is compiled, which can optimize the design of rod pump load reducing deep pumping system according to different load reducing deep pumping technology and different deep pumping demand, which provides the basis for the optimum design of load reducing deep pumping well. Through the design and analysis of the sample well, the results show that there is a safe entry depth for different types of reducers, both the load reducer and the load reducing deep pumping pump can achieve the effect of reducing load and deep pumping, and the depth of the pump under the limit is large. The area difference of the small plunger combination is related. In view of the phenomenon that the fatigue life of the download-reducing deep pumping rod string becomes shorter during the field operation, this paper uses the finite element software ABAQUS and the fatigue life software fe-safe to verify and analyze, and gives the requirements of the lower entry depth of the load reducer in the process of using the load reducer. On the premise of reaching the requirement of deep pumping, the depth of load reducer is reduced as far as possible, and the load reducer is not installed in the middle of the rod column, which improves the stress state of the rod column and prolongs the service life of the rod column.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE355.5

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