【摘要】：海洋鉆井通常將水深超過(guò)500m的井稱為深水井,超過(guò)1500m的井為超深水井。針對(duì)深水井無(wú)論從鉆井作業(yè)、鉆井資料收取、作業(yè)安全等方面均存在不同的挑戰(zhàn)。本文闡述了深水井錄井的所面臨的各種挑戰(zhàn)以及應(yīng)用何種錄井技術(shù)來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)深水錄井所面臨的難題。深水錄井所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)通常具有以下幾點(diǎn):鉆井液返出溫度低,使用較長(zhǎng)、較粗的隔水管,為了滿足鉆井液上返速度需在泥線處放有增壓泵,影響錄井遲到時(shí)間計(jì)算及對(duì)地質(zhì)錄井、氣測(cè)錄井等錄井技術(shù)的影響;深水環(huán)境影響,包括潮汐、波浪、內(nèi)波流以及洋流等因素對(duì)工程錄井的影響;深水井復(fù)雜的井筒信息對(duì)整個(gè)錄井資料收集造成的影響;深水井遠(yuǎn)離陸地,高投資、高風(fēng)險(xiǎn),對(duì)錄井系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性、資料安全性提出了新的挑戰(zhàn)。深水井由于上覆壓力小勢(shì)必造成作業(yè)壓力窗口小,在作業(yè)中如何準(zhǔn)確地監(jiān)測(cè)地層壓力、破裂壓力以及控制鉆井液循環(huán)當(dāng)量密度是深水錄井面臨的難題。針對(duì)深水錄井以上挑戰(zhàn)和影響,提出深水綜合錄井解決方案。深水錄井采用目前最先進(jìn)的智能綜合錄井儀geoNEXT以及早期井涌井漏監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)EKD來(lái)監(jiān)測(cè)井筒復(fù)雜情況;FLAIR實(shí)時(shí)地層流體分析錄井技術(shù),消除低溫對(duì)鉆井液脫氣顯示低氣顯示,便于進(jìn)行地層油氣評(píng)價(jià);PreVue監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)地層壓力和破裂壓力,有效地指導(dǎo)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)鉆井液的調(diào)整;應(yīng)用三維定量熒光、地化錄井、X衍射全巖分析、元素錄井等相關(guān)錄井新技術(shù)對(duì)地層巖性和油氣評(píng)價(jià)起到了積極的作用。通過(guò)中國(guó)南海近50口井的深水錄井作業(yè)實(shí)踐,逐步總結(jié)和探討出一套符合深水錄井的錄井技術(shù)組合:geoNEXT+EKD+FLAIR+PreVue以及結(jié)合有效的巖樣和熒光鑒定手段,進(jìn)行巖性鑒定與地層評(píng)價(jià),油氣顯示發(fā)現(xiàn)與油氣層評(píng)價(jià),工程參數(shù)監(jiān)測(cè)和異常預(yù)報(bào)以及隨鉆壓力監(jiān)測(cè)及應(yīng)用。根據(jù)目前中國(guó)海洋勘探和開發(fā)形勢(shì),深水作業(yè)將是整個(gè)海洋鉆井的重心,中國(guó)深水錄井未來(lái)勢(shì)必也是向這一方向發(fā)展。中國(guó)深水錄井必須適應(yīng)勘探形勢(shì)的需要,突破地面,完善信息工程,建立井場(chǎng)、遠(yuǎn)程平臺(tái)一體化系統(tǒng),系統(tǒng)整合,精細(xì)化油氣層評(píng)價(jià)方法,深水隨鉆錄井將是未來(lái)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:Offshore drilling usually refers to wells with water depth over 500m as deep wells and wells over 1500m as ultra-deep wells. There are different challenges for deep wells in terms of drilling operation, drilling data collection and operational safety. In this paper, the challenges faced by deep well logging and the mud logging techniques used to deal with the problems faced by deep water logging are described. The challenges of deep-water mud logging usually include the following: drilling fluid return temperature is low, long and coarse riser is used, in order to satisfy the drilling fluid return velocity, a pressurized pump is placed at the mud line. It affects the calculation of mud logging late time and the influence of geological logging, gas logging and other logging techniques, the influence of deep-water environment, including tide, wave, internal wave current and ocean current, on engineering mud logging. The influence of complex wellbore information on the whole mud logging data collection, the deep well being far from land, high investment and high risk pose a new challenge to the stability of logging system and data security. Because the overlying pressure of deep well is small, the operating pressure window will be small. How to accurately monitor formation pressure, fracture pressure and control drilling fluid cycle equivalent density is a difficult problem for deep water mud logging. In view of the above challenge and influence of deep water logging, the solution of deep water integrated logging is put forward. Deepwater mud logging adopts the most advanced intelligent integrated logging tool geoNEXT and the early wellbore leak monitoring system (EKD) to monitor the complex condition of wellbore and flair real-time formation fluid analysis logging technology to eliminate low gas display for drilling fluid degassing at low temperature. It is convenient to monitor formation pressure and fracture pressure in real time with PreVue monitoring system for formation oil and gas evaluation, to effectively guide the adjustment of drilling fluid in situ, to apply 3D quantitative fluorescence, and to analyze the whole rock by X-ray diffraction of geochemical logging. New logging techniques, such as element logging, play a positive role in formation lithology and oil and gas evaluation. Through the practice of deep-water mud logging in nearly 50 wells in the South China Sea, a set of logging technology combination: geoNEXT EKD FLAIR PreVue, which accords with deep-water mud logging, and effective means of rock sample and fluorescence identification, are gradually summarized and discussed for lithology identification and formation evaluation. Oil and gas discovery and reservoir evaluation, engineering parameter monitoring and abnormal prediction, and monitoring and application of drilling pressure. According to the current situation of marine exploration and development in China, deep-water operations will be the center of gravity of the whole offshore drilling, and China's deep-water mud logging will certainly develop in this direction in the future. Deep-water mud logging in China must meet the needs of exploration situation, break through the ground, perfect information engineering, establish well site, remote platform integration system, system integration, fine oil and gas reservoir evaluation method. Deepwater logging while drilling will be the future development trend.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE142;TE52

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本文編號(hào)：2148587